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Formica Collection

Creator:
Jeffers, Grace  Search this
Formica Corporation.  Search this
Names:
Faber, Herbert A.  Search this
Loewy, Raymond  Search this
O'Conor, Daniel J.  Search this
Stevens, Brooks  Search this
Extent:
18 Cubic feet (59 boxes, 11 oversize folders )
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Scripts (documents)
Videotapes
Posters
Samples
Advertisements
Brochures
Blueprints
Photographs
Newsletters
Exhibition catalogs
Catalogs
Correspondence
Date:
1913-2003
Summary:
The Formica Collection consists of textual files, photographs, slides, negatives, drawings, blueprints, posters, advertisements, product brochures, newsletters, and informational pamphlets documenting the history of the Formica Corporation and the use of Formica brand plastic laminate.
Scope and Contents:
The Formica Collection, 1913-2003, consists of textual files, photographs, photo slides, drawings, blueprints, posters, advertisements, product brochures, informational pamphlets, and research notes documenting the history of the Formica Corporation and the use of Formica brand plastic laminate.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into ten series.

Series 1: Corporate Records, 1920-1992, 2003

Subseries 1.1: Annual reports, 1949, 1966, 1988

Subseries 1.2: Correspondence and company identity, 1920-1988

Subseries 1.3: Corporation histories and timelines, 1949-1991, undated

Subseries 1.4: Newspaper clippings and articles, 1934-2003

Subseries 1.5: Awards, 1940s-1987

Subseries 1.6: Patent information, 1925-1994

Subseries 1.7: Photographs, 1927-1966

Series 2: Personnel Records, 1943-1992

Series 3: Newsletters, Magazines, and Press Releases, 1942-1990

Subseries 3.1: Newsletters, 1942-1988

Subseries 3.2: Press releases, 1973-1990

Series 4: Product Information, 1948-1994

Series 5: Advertising and sales materials, 1913-2000

Subseries 5.1: Advertising materials, 1913-2000

Subseries 5.2: Sales materials, 1922-1993

Series 6: Subject Files, circa 1945, 1955-1991, 2002

Series 7: Exhibits, 1981-1994

Series 8: Grace Jeffers Research Materials, 1987-1997

Series 9: Audio Visual Materials, 1982-1995, undated

Series 10: Martin A. Jeffers Materials, 1963-1999

Subseries 10.1: Background Materials, 1965-1999

Subseries 10.2: Employee Benefits, 1963-1998

Subseries 10.3: Product Information, [1959?]-1997

Subseries 10.4: Advertising and Sales Records, 1987-1999
Biographical / Historical:
Since its founding in 1913, the history of the Formica Company has been marked by a spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship. The history begins with the discovery of Formica by two men who envisioned the plastic laminate as breakthrough insulation for motors. Later, Formica became a ubiquitous surfacing material used by artists and architects of post-modern design. The various applications of the plastic laminate during the twentieth century give it a prominent role in the history of plastics, American consumerism, and American popular culture.

The Formica Company was the brainchild of Herbert A. Faber and Daniel J. O'Conor, who met in 1907 while both were working at Westinghouse in East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. O'Conor, head of the process section in the Research Engineering Department, had been experimenting with resins, cloth, paper, and a wide array of solvents in an effort to perfect a process for making rigid laminate sheets from Kraft paper and liquid Bakelite. O'Conor produced the first laminate sheet at Westinghouse by winding and coating paper on a mandrel, slitting the resulting tube, and flattening it on a press. The finished product was a laminated sheet with the chemical and electrical properties of Bakelite that were cut into various shapes and sizes. O'Conor applied for a patent on February 1, 1913, but it was not issued until November 12, 1918 (US Patent 1,284,432). Since the research was done on behalf of Westinghouse, the company was assigned the patent, and O'Conor was given one dollar, the customary amount that Westinghouse paid for the rights to employees' inventions.

Herbert Faber, Technical Sales Manager of insulating materials, was excited about O'Conor's discovery. Faber saw limitless possibilities for the new material. However, he quickly became frustrated by Westinghouse's policy limiting the sale of the laminate to its licensed distributors. After failing to persuade Westinghouse to form a division to manufacture and market the new material, Faber and O'Conor created their own company. On May 2, 1913, the first Formica plant opened in Cincinnati, Ohio. On October 15, 1913, the business incorporated as the Formica Insulation Company with Faber as president and treasurer and O'Conor as vice-president and secretary. The company began producing insulation parts used in place of or "for mica," the costly mineral that had been used in electrical insulation.

Like most new companies, Formica had modest beginnings. Faber and O'Conor faced the challenge of looking for investors who would let them maintain control over the company. Finally, they met J. G. Tomluin, a lawyer and banker from Walton, Kentucky, who invested $7,500 for a one-third share in the Formica Company. Renting a small space in downtown Cincinnati, Faber and O'Conor began work. The company's equipment list consisted of a 35-horsepower boiler, a small gas stove, and a variety of homemade hand screw presses. By September 1913, Tomluin had brought in two more partners, David Wallace and John L. Vest. With the added capital, O'Conor, Faber, and Formica's eighteen employees began producing automobile insulation parts for Bell Electric Motor, Allis Chalmers, and Northwest Electric.

Initially, the Formica Company only made insulation rings and tubes for motors. However, by July 4, 1914, the company obtained its first press and began to produce flat laminate sheets made from Redmenol resin. Business gradually grew, and by 1917 sales totaled $75,000. Fueled by World War I, Formica's business expanded to making radio parts, aircraft pulleys, and timing gears for the burgeoning motor industry. In the years that followed, Formica products were in high demand as laminate plastics replaced older materials in washers, vacuum cleaners, and refrigerators. By 1919, the Formica Company required larger facilities and purchased a factory in Cincinnati.

During this time, patent battles and legal suits emerged to challenge Formica's success. On June 11, 1919, Westinghouse sued Formica for patent infringement on its laminated gears; Formica won. Later that year, Westinghouse brought two new lawsuits against Formica. The first was for a patent infringement on the production of tubes, rods, and molded parts; the second was over an infringement based on a 1913 patent assigned to Westinghouse through O'Conor. Formica prevailed in both suits.

Legal battles did not deter the company. Having to defend itself against a giant corporation gave Formica a reputation as a scrappy contender. Finally, Faber and O'Conor made a quantum leap in 1927, when the company was granted a U.S. patent for a phenolic laminate utilizing lithographed wood grains of light color, forming an opaque barrier sheet which blocks out the dark interior of the laminate. In 1931, the company received two more patents for the preparation of the first all paper based laminate and for the addition of a layer of aluminum foil between the core and the surface, making the laminate cigarette-proof. These patents would allow Formica to move from a company dealing primarily with industrial material to the highly visible arena of consumer goods.

In 1937, Faber had a severe heart attack which limited his activity within the company. O'Conor continued as president, encouraging new product lines, including Realwood, as a laminate with genuine wood veneer mounted on a paper lamination with a heat-reactive binder. With the introduction of Realwood and its derivatives, manufacturers started using Formica laminate for tabletops, desks, and dinette sets. By the early forties, sales of Formica laminate were over 15 million dollars. The final recipe for decorative laminate was perfected in 1938, when melamine resins were introduced. Melamine was clear, extremely hard, and resistant to stains, heat, light, less expensive than phenolic resins. It also made possible laminates of colored papers and patterns.

Due to World War II, Formica postponed the manufacturing of decorative laminate sheets. Instead, the company made a variety of war-time products ranging from airplane propellers to bomb buster tubes.

The post-World War II building boom fueled the decorative laminate market and ushered in what would come to be known as the golden age for Formica. The company, anticipating the demand for laminate, acquired a giant press capable of producing sheets measuring thirty by ninety-six inches for kitchen countertops. Between 1947 and 1950, more than 2 million new homes were designed with Formica brand laminate for kitchens and bathrooms.

Formica's advertising campaigns, initially aimed at industry, were transformed to speak to the new decorative needs of consumer society, in particular the American housewife. Formica hired design consultants, Brooks Stevens, and, later, Raymond Loewy who launched extensive advertising campaigns. Advertising themes of durability, cleanliness, efficiency, and beauty abound in promotional material of this time. Advertisers promised that the plastic laminate, known as "the wipe clean wonder," was resistant to dirt, juices, jams, alcohol stains, and cigarette burns. Atomic patterns and space-age colors, including Moonglo, Skylark, and Sequina, were introduced in homes, schools, offices, hospitals, diners, and restaurants across America.

The post-war period was also marked by expansion, specifically with the establishment of Formica's first international markets. In 1947, Formica signed a licensing agreement with the British firm the De La Rue Company of London for the exclusive manufacture and marketing of decorative laminates outside North America, and in South America and the Pacific Basin. In 1948, Formica changed its name from the Formica Insulation Company to the Formica Company. In 1951, Formica responded to growing consumer demand by opening a million square foot plant in Evendale, Ohio, devoted to the exclusive production of decorative sheet material. In 1956, the Formica Company became the Formica Corporation, a subsidiary of American Cyanamid Company. A year later, the international subsidiaries that Formica formed with De La Rue Company of London were replaced by a joint company called Formica International Limited.

The plastic laminate was not merely confined to tabletops and dinette sets. Formica laminate was used for skis, globes, and murals. Moreover, well-known artists and architects used the decorative laminate for modernist furniture and Art Deco interiors. In 1960, Formica's Research and Development Design Center was established, adjacent to the Evendale plant, to develop uses for existing laminate products. In 1966, the company opened the Sierra Plant near Sacramento, California. Such corporate expansion enabled Formica to market its laminates beyond the traditional role as a countertop surface material.

In 1974, Formica established its Design Advisory Board (DAB), a group of leading designers and architects. DAB introduced new colors and patterns of laminate that gained popularity among artists and interior designers in the 1980s. In 1981, DAB introduced the Color Grid, a systematic organization of Formica laminate arranged by neutrals and chromatics. The Color Grid was described as the first and only logically arranged collection of color in the laminate industry. DAB also developed the Design Concepts Collection of premium solid and patterned laminates to serve the needs of contemporary interior designers.

In the 1980s and 1990s, the corporation continued to produce laminates for interior designers, artists, and architects. In 1982, Formica introduced COLORCORE, the first solid-color laminate. Due to its relatively seamless appearance, COLORCORE was adopted by artists for use in furniture, jewelry, and interior design. The introduction of COLORCORE also marked the emergence of a wide variety of design exhibitions and competitions sponsored by the Formica Corporation. In 1985, Formica Corporation became independent and privately held. Formica continues to be one of the leading laminate producers in the world with factories in the United States, England, France, Spain, Canada, and Taiwan.

For additional information on the history of the Formica Corporation, see:

DiNoto, Andrea. Art Plastic: Designed for Living. New York: Abbeville Press, 1985.

Fenichell, Stephen. Plastic: The Making of a Synthetic Century. New York: Harper/Collins, 1996.

Jeffers Grace. 1998. Machine Made Natural: The Decorative Products of the Formica Corporation, 1947-1962. Master's thesis. Bard Graduate Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts.

Lewin, Susan Grant, ed. Formica & Design: From Counter Top to High Art. New York: Rizzoli, 1991.
Related Materials:
Materials at the Archives Center

Leo Baekeland Papers, 1881-1968 (NMAH.AC.0005)

DuPont Nylon Collection, 1939-1977 (NMAH.AC.0007)

J. Harry DuBois Collection on the History of Plastics, circa 1900-1975 (NMAH.AC.0008)

Earl Tupper Papers, circa 1914-1982 (NMAH.AC.0470)

The Division of Medicine and Science holds artifacts related to this collection. See accession # 1997.0319 and #1997.3133.
Provenance:
This collection was assembled by Grace Jeffers, historian of material culture, primarily from materials given to her by Susan Lewin, Head of Formica's New York design and publicity office when the office closed in 1995. The collection was donated to the Archives Center by Grace Jeffers in September 1996.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Researchers must use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Plastics industry and trade  Search this
Plastics -- 1920-2000  Search this
Plastics as art material -- 1920-2000  Search this
Plastics in interior design -- 1920-2000  Search this
advertising -- plastic industry -- 1920-2000  Search this
Plastic jewelry -- 1920-2000  Search this
Laminated plastics -- 1920-2000  Search this
Exhibitions -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
House furnishings -- 1920-2000 -- United States  Search this
Housewives as consumers -- 1920-2000  Search this
Electronic insulators and insulation -- Plastics -- 1920-2000  Search this
Inventions -- 1920-2000 -- United States  Search this
Women in advertising  Search this
Women in popular culture -- 1920-2000  Search this
Genre/Form:
Scripts (documents)
Videotapes
Posters -- 20th century
Samples -- 1920-2000
Advertisements
Brochures
Blueprints -- 20th century
Photographs -- 20th century
Newsletters -- 20th century
Exhibition catalogs
Catalogs
Catalogs -- 1920-2000
Correspondence -- 20th century
Citation:
Formica Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0565
See more items in:
Formica Collection
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8859e644e-2a2b-427b-ae69-3dfadd400aa4
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0565
Online Media:

[Trade catalogs from Reynolds Metals Co.]

Variant company name:
Elizabethtown, KY  Search this
Company Name:
Reynolds Metals Co.  Search this
Notes content:
aluminum mill products ; tubes and pipes ; insulation ; architectural - windows, structural ; bridge railings ; aircraft construction ; foils for box covers, books, cards ; kitchen foil (the famous "Reynolds Wrap") ; tanks, vessels, jacketing, chemicals and piping for process industries and farm ; soldering aluminum ; alloys ; "Metals Weight Calculator" ; 1940s-1960s ; list of company technical publications
Includes:
Trade catalog, price lists, manual, samples and histories
Black and white images
Color images
Types of samples:
insulation ;
Physical description:
155 pieces; 6 boxes
Language:
English
Type of material:
Trade catalogs
Trade literature
Place:
Louisville, Kentucky, United States
Date:
1900s
Topic (Romaine term):
Agricultural tools and machinery  Search this
Architectural designs and building materials  Search this
Aviation (aircraft; balloons; etc.)  Search this
Brass; bronze and specialty metals  Search this
Bridges  Search this
Chemicals and chemical products  Search this
Farm equipment and supplies (including dairy and poultry equipment)  Search this
Foods and beverage products and processing equipment (including brewing; distilleries; beer; wine; etc.)  Search this
Hardware and hand tools  Search this
Industrial equipment or mechanical machinery (including supplies and components)  Search this
Mills and milling supplies  Search this
Paint; varnishes; adhesives; coatings; etc.  Search this
Topic:
"Decoration and ornament, Architectural"  Search this
Adhesives  Search this
Aeronautics  Search this
Agricultural implements  Search this
Agricultural machinery  Search this
Airplanes  Search this
Airships  Search this
Architectural design  Search this
Balloons  Search this
Beverage industry  Search this
Brass  Search this
Bridge construction industry  Search this
Bronze  Search this
Building materials  Search this
Chemicals  Search this
Dairying  Search this
Distilleries  Search this
Farm equipment  Search this
Food industry and trade  Search this
Hardware  Search this
Industrial equipment  Search this
Machinery  Search this
Metals  Search this
Milling machinery  Search this
Paint industry and trade  Search this
Tools  Search this
Record ID:
SILNMAHTL_10754
Location:
Trade Literature at the American History Museum Library
Collection:
Smithsonian Libraries Trade Literature Collections
Data source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:SILNMAHTL_10754

Fish Skin Shoe

Donor Name:
Romyn Hitchcock  Search this
Length - Object:
21.8 cm
Width - Object:
20.2 cm
Height - Object:
10 cm
Culture:
Ainu, Betsukai Ainu  Search this
Object Type:
Shoe
Place:
Hokkaido (Yezo), Japan, Asia
Accession Date:
1890
Topic:
Ethnology  Search this
Accession Number:
022393
USNM Number:
E150637-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3df7b1708-bc74-4a18-a816-f6fde3d527d5
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8340313
Online Media:

Iron Insulation Plate

Donor Name:
No Information  Search this
Culture:
Japanese (?)  Search this
Object Type:
Plate
Place:
Japan (not certain), Asia (not certain)
Accession Date:
1991
Topic:
Ethnology  Search this
Accession Number:
999999
USNM Number:
ET225-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3422101de-05d9-4b3b-9f73-820dfde35e50
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8497968

Bow

Collector:
Sven Haakanson Jr.  Search this
Donor Name:
Dr. William Fitzhugh  Search this
Length - Object:
62 cm
Width - Object:
3 cm
Culture:
Nenets  Search this
Object Type:
Bow
Place:
Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area, Siberia, Russia, Asia
Accession Date:
24 Nov 2004
Collection Date:
1997
Topic:
Ethnology  Search this
Accession Number:
420725
USNM Number:
E430442-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3f8a0a492-e11e-4f8a-a156-058ec4f9abcc
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8503572
Online Media:

Motor

Physical Description:
brass (overall material)
iron (overall material)
wood (overall material)
Measurements:
average spatial: 34.2 cm x 16.5 cm x 16.5 cm; 13 7/16 in x 6 1/2 in x 6 1/2 in
overall: 13 3/8 in x 6 5/8 in x 6 in; 33.9725 cm x 16.8275 cm x 15.24 cm
Object Name:
Demonstration Apparatus, Electric
Credit Line:
Stevens Institute of Technology
ID Number:
1993.0087.05
Catalog number:
1993.0087.05
Accession number:
1993.0087
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Physical Sciences
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a9-bae8-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1132502
Online Media:

Goose-Neck Lamp

Physical Description:
metal (overall material)
insulated wire (overall material)
Measurements:
average spatial: 40.6 cm x 12.7 cm x 17.1 cm; 16 in x 5 in x 6 3/4 in
Object Name:
Lamp, Goose-Neck
Credit Line:
Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Inc.
ID Number:
1992.0555.07
Catalog number:
1992.0555.07
Accession number:
1992.0555
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Biological Sciences
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a9-eef9-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1163662

Front Case for Proximity Fuse

Associated subject:
Plax Corporation  Search this
Monsanto Corporation  Search this
Maker:
Plax Corporation  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 98 mm x 60 mm; 3 7/8 in x 2 3/8 in
overall: 4 in x 7 1/2 in; 10.16 cm x 19.05 cm
Object Name:
Front Case for Proximity Fuze
Date made:
1950-1955
early 1950s
Credit Line:
Gift of J. Harry DuBois
ID Number:
1983.0538.05
Catalog number:
1983.0538.05
Accession number:
1983.0538
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Chemistry
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a0-e3e8-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_627
Online Media:

Commodore 64 power supply

Physical Description:
metal (overall material)
insulated wire (overall material)
Measurements:
average spatial: 7 cm x 8.3 cm x 11.5 cm; 2 3/4 in x 3 9/32 in x 4 17/32 in
Object Name:
microcomputer power supply
Power Supply
Date made:
1982
Credit Line:
D. D. Hilke
ID Number:
1989.0544.01.6
Catalog number:
1989.0544.01.6
Accession number:
1989.0544
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Computers
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a9-14c3-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1064176
Online Media:

Western Electric 25-B radio amplifier

Maker:
Western Electric  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 12 1/2 in x 11 in x 8 in; 31.75 cm x 27.94 cm x 20.32 cm
Object Name:
audio amplifier
Date made:
ca 1929
Credit Line:
from Franklin Wingard
ID Number:
EM.321096.01
Catalog number:
321096.01
Accession number:
241556
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-6b48-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1341352

Western Electric 25-B radio amplifier

Maker:
Western Electric  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 12 1/2 in x 11 in x 8 in; 31.75 cm x 27.94 cm x 20.32 cm
Object Name:
audio amplifier
Date made:
ca 1929
Credit Line:
from Franklin Wingard
ID Number:
EM.321096.02
Catalog number:
321096.02
Accession number:
241556
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng434aed252-5387-4e74-b960-fea18ff2d876
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_2008214

Model biplane with coil on lower wing

Associated institution:
Bureau of Standards  Search this
Maker:
National Bureau of Standards  Search this
Physical Description:
wood; copper; paint (overall material)
Measurements:
overall: 8 in x 21 in x 22 1/2 in; 20.32 cm x 53.34 cm x 57.15 cm
Object Name:
Model Airplane
radio demonstration
Other Terms:
Airplane Model; Model Airplane; Radio
Date made:
1918
Associated date:
1920
Credit Line:
U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards
ID Number:
EM.313594
Catalog number:
313594
Accession number:
188571
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a9-58ea-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1096778

First goniometer of plate circuit for visual radio beacon

Associated user:
unknown  Search this
Associated institution:
Bureau of Standards  Search this
Maker:
Dunmore, Francis W.  Search this
Physical Description:
wood; steel; brass; cord; plastic (composite); cloth tape; wire; paper (overall material)
Measurements:
overall: 22 in x 12 in x 12 in; 55.88 cm x 30.48 cm x 30.48 cm
Object Name:
Inductance, Variable
inductance, goniometer
Other Terms:
Inductance, Variable; Components; Radio and Television; Radio and Television
Date made:
1926-08-3
Associated date:
1926
Credit Line:
U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards
ID Number:
EM.313595
Catalog number:
313595
Accession number:
188571
Collector/donor number:
X31
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a5-5311-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_713025

Philips SLS-9 integral compact fluorescent lamp

Maker:
Philips Lighting Company  Search this
Measurements:
lamp: 5 1/8 in x 1 1/2 in x 1 1/2 in; 13.0175 cm x 3.81 cm x 3.81 cm
box: 5 1/4 in x 1 1/2 in x 1 1/2 in; 13.335 cm x 3.81 cm x 3.81 cm
Object Name:
fluorescent lamp
Date made:
1994
ID Number:
2014.0058.34
Accession number:
2014.0058
Catalog number:
2014.0058.34
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746af-820c-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1590198

Newleaf light emitting diode lamp

Measurements:
lamp: 4 1/4 in x 2 1/4 in; 10.795 cm x 5.715 cm
package: 4 3/8 in x 2 1/2 in x 2 1/2 in; 11.1125 cm x 6.35 cm x 6.35 cm
Object Name:
light emitting diode
Date made:
2018
Credit Line:
from Harold D. Wallace, Jr.
ID Number:
2019.0252.07
Accession number:
2019.0252
Catalog number:
2019.0252.07
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b4-93e1-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1961404

Edison bamboo filament lamp, 16 cp

Maker:
Edison Electric Co.  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 7 in x 2 1/4 in; 17.78 cm x 5.715 cm
Object Name:
Lightbulb
incandescent lamp
Other Terms:
Lightbulb; Lighting Devices; Edison; Horseshoe; Carbon
Date made:
1880
Credit Line:
from General Electric Co.
ID Number:
EM.181798
Catalog number:
181798
Accession number:
33407
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Exhibition:
Lighting a Revolution
Exhibition Location:
National Museum of American History
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a5-2d3e-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_703485

Edison bamboo filament lamp, 8 cp

Measurements:
overall: 5 1/2 in x 2 1/2 in; 13.97 cm x 6.35 cm
Object Name:
Light Bulb
incandescent lamp
Other Terms:
Light Bulb; Lighting Devices; Edison; Horseshoe; Carbon
Date made:
1880
Credit Line:
from Princeton University, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, thru Dean Howard Menand
ID Number:
EM.318629
Catalog number:
318629
Accession number:
232729
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Exhibition:
Lighting a Revolution
Exhibition Location:
National Museum of American History
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-9417-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_703486

General Electric D-12 type 2 electric toaster

Maker:
General Electric Company  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 7 in x 9 in x 4 in; 17.78 cm x 22.86 cm x 10.16 cm
Object Name:
Toaster, Electric
electric kitchen appliance
Other Terms:
Toaster, Electric; Appliances
Date made:
1909
Credit Line:
from Priscilla Griffin de Mauduit
ID Number:
EM.329287
Catalog number:
329287
Accession number:
280675
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Exhibition:
Lighting a Revolution
Exhibition Location:
National Museum of American History
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a5-3ef8-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_704101

Westinghouse Metallized lamp

Maker:
Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co.  Search this
Measurements:
light bulb: 5 in x 2 5/16 in; 12.7 cm x 5.842 cm
Object Name:
Light Bulb
incandescent lamp
Other Terms:
Light Bulb; Edison; Double Horseshoe; Carbon
Date made:
ca 1905
Credit Line:
from the Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago)
ID Number:
EM.327846
Catalog number:
327846
Accession number:
271855
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a5-2006-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_704260

Heany sintered tungsten lamp

Maker:
Heany Lamp Co.  Search this
Heany, John Allen  Search this
Measurements:
light bulb: 5 1/2 in x 3 in; 13.97 cm x 7.62 cm
Object Name:
Light Bulb
incandescent lamp
Other Terms:
Light Bulb; Lighting Devices; Edison; Cage; Metal
Date made:
ca. 1908
ca 1908
Credit Line:
from International Business Machines, Inc., William J. Hammer Collection
ID Number:
EM.320661
Catalog number:
320661
Accession number:
241402
See more items in:
Work and Industry: Electricity
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ab-1a7a-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_710386

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