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L'Aérophile Photographs

Creator:
L'Aérophile  Search this
Extent:
.39 Cubic feet (folder containing CDs digital images of 131 images)
5.62 Gigabytes (132 digital images)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Gigabytes
Born digital
Cd-roms
Copy photographs
Date:
circa 1905-1914; 1921; 1931
Summary:
Copy photographs of pre-WWI aircraft from the L'Aérophile Collection at the Library of Congress.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of copies of 140 individual photographs held in the L'Aérophile Collection within the Technical Reports, and Standards Collection of the Science, Technology, and Business Division at the Library of Congress (LC). Images depict early aviation, aircraft, and airshows primarily in France. Most of the photographs originate from French news photography agencies such as Rol, Branger, and Meurisse before World War I. Only a photograph of a Caudron C.39 Hydroaeroplane in 1921 and another of Lucien Bossoutrot in 1931 are outside this period. Also included in this collection is a series by artist Michel "Mich" Liebaux of caricatures of aviation and automobile personalities. LC loaned the original photographs to produce copy images. Items were then returned to LC.
Arrangement:
Unarranged.
Biographical / Historical:
In January 1893, the French journalist Georges Besançon (1866-1934) in collaboration with the Union Aérophile de France started to publish a monthly illustrated revue L'Aérophile. Early issues were devoted to ballooning and related subjects. As heavier-than-air craft were created, the coverage changed to include all aspects of aviation and aeronautics. While the scope of the coverage was devoted primarily to French aviators and activities, international items of interest were reported as well.

Publication of L'Aérophile stopped abruptly in August 1947. The research collection of the editorial office was put up for sale, including the photograph "morgue" and was subsequently purchased by the Library of Congress (LC). Although items were apparently removed from the collection before it reached LC, the collection still contains an estimated 30,000 photographs as well as a large amount of related material including correspondence on aeronautics, manuscripts, design details for aircraft, engines, wings, brakes, etc., and information and brochures about and from early aircraft companies, designers and pilots.
General:
In 1995, the Library of Congress (LC) loaned the Smithsonian's Office of Printing and Photographic Services a group of 9 photographs from the L'Aérophile Collection within the Technical Reports, and Standards Collection held in the Science, Technology, and Business Division for copy images. Originals were loaned to produce copy images and then returned to LC.

On September 26-27, 2001, NASM Aeronautics curator Peter Jakab and NASM Archives Specialist Melissa Keiser visited LC to review the same collection in conjunction with research for a NASM exhibit centering on the Wright 1903 Flyer. Jakab and Keiser selected 131 photographs for duplication. For each image, two negatives were created: one located within this collection and the other on file at the Smithsonian's Office of Printing and Photographic Services. There are also two duplicate sets of CDs; one set contains digital copies of the 130 images at 300 dpi, and the other set contains the copies at 600 dpi.
Provenance:
Library of Congress, Loaned to NASM for copying, 2001, NASM.2001.0066
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Aeronautics -- 1903-1916  Search this
Curtiss, General, Aircraft  Search this
Nieuport Aircraft Family  Search this
Voisin Aircraft Family  Search this
Caricatures and cartoons  Search this
Genre/Form:
Born digital
CD-ROMs
Copy photographs
Citation:
L'Aérophile Photographs, NASM.2001.0066, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2001.0066
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2eb5d93ad-618e-45e6-911a-a0b0ec32a7b2
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2001-0066
Online Media:

1909 Gordon Bennett Balloon Race Passport

Names:
Gordon Bennett Balloon Race  Search this
Extent:
0.05 Cubic feet (1 folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Passports
Date:
1909
Summary:
The 1909 Gordon Bennett Balloon Race was held in October in Zurich, Switzerland. This collection consists of a Balloon Passport issued to the Clouth V for the event.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of a Balloon Passport issued to the Clouth V for the 1909 Gordon Bennett Balloon Race. The passport is on paper that measures approximately 20 x 16 inches and is written in both German and French. The passport bears several seals and includes engravings of balloons along with the motto "Gordon Bennett, Zurich, 1909."
Arrangement:
Collection is in original order.
Biographical / Historical:
The 1909 Gordon Bennett Balloon Race was held in October in Zurich, Switzerland. The event featured three contests. A point-to-point race was held on October 1 in which ten competitors chose from fourteen different designated points. This event was won by the Swiss balloon Mars piloted by Mr. Farner. A distance race was held on October 2 and included twenty-one competitors from various classes based on size with prizes being awarded in each class. The Clouth V was entered into the Class 4 competition (for balloons ranging in size from 1201-1600 cubic meters). Class 3 was won by the Harburg II piloted by H. Sticker, Class 4 was won by the Hessen piloted by A. Engelhard, and Class 5 was won by the LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin piloted by Otto Korn. The Gordon Bennett Race started on October 3, 2010 and involved seventeen competitors. This race was won by Edgar W. Mix in the America II after a 696.5 mile flight ending in Poland that lasted more than 35 hours.
Provenance:
Unknown, Gift, NASM.XXXX.0980
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Balloons  Search this
Aeronautics  Search this
Aeronautics -- Competitions  Search this
Clouth V  Search this
Genre/Form:
Passports
Citation:
1909 Gordon Bennett Balloon Race Passport, NASM.XXXX.0980, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.XXXX.0980
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg271b3721d-d669-42da-b8df-bf40d0adb53a
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0980
Online Media:

National Air and Space Museum Technical Reference Files: Events

Creator:
National Air and Space Museum. Archives Division.  Search this
Extent:
42 Cubic feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
Ongoing
Scope and Contents:
The Technical Reference Files comprise an artificial collection that currently contains 1,900 cubic feet of aviation and space related materials, organized in 22 subject series. File materials include photographs, press releases, clippings, correspondence, reports, and brochures, on individuals, organizations, events, and objects.
Restrictions:
The majority of the Archives Department's public reference requests can be answered using material in these files, which may be accessed through the Reading Room at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, Virginia. More specific information can be requested by contacting the Archives Research Request.
Identifier:
NASM.XXXX.1183.J
See more items in:
National Air and Space Museum Technical Reference Files: Events
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2b3b084fe-f934-4cd3-bcbf-51eb5cdf2463
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-1183-j
Online Media:

Early Aviation Newsclippings Collection

Extent:
22.08 Cubic feet ((19 boxes))
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Newspaper clippings
Date:
bulk 1897-1934
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of newspaper clippings relating to airships, balloons, and early aircraft. The material includes articles on famous inventors, as well as accidents, predictions, war arms, weather bureau reports, and women in aeronautics.
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Airships  Search this
Airplanes  Search this
Women in aeronautics  Search this
Genre/Form:
Newspaper clippings
Citation:
Early Aviation Newsclippings Collection, Acc. XXXX-0420, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.XXXX.0420
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2680e2054-f2b0-40a8-945f-001fbb7cc05f
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0420

Philippine Civil Aviation Scrapbook [Edith Dizon]

Creator:
Dizon-Fitzsimmons, Edith Albaladejo, 1922-  Search this
Extent:
0.24 Cubic feet (1 flat box)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Scrapbooks
Date:
1965-1967
Summary:
Edith Albaladejo Dizon Fitzsimmons (1922--2014) was a music teacher, writer, and pilot in the Philippines and later Australia. This collection consists of a scrapbook created by Edith Albaladejo Dizon Fitzsimmons that documents both her life and career, but also civil aviation in the Philippines more generally.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of a scrapbook created by Edith Albaladejo Dizon Fitzsimmons that documents both her life and career, but also civil aviation in the Philippines more generally. The spiral bound scrapbook, which covers the approximate time period of 1965--1967 and is extensively captioned by Dizon, includes a map of airports and airfields in the Philippines; lists of commercial and government owned aircraft; a brief history of the Philippine Airmen's Organization; information on the Philippine Air Transport Service (PATS) and the Philippines Civil Aeronautics Administration; and articles written by Dizon on aviation topics including difficulties facing female pilots, different women's motivations for flying, and air traffic control. There are many photographs of Dizon, including several of her in or posed with aircraft, and of additional interest is information and photographs of other female pilots in the Philippines including Virginia Flores Rivera; Benita Yu; Lolita Butac; Felicia Natividad; Susan Ruiz; Rosario Spirig; Herminigilda Argones; as well as a British pilot operating from Sabah, Borneo, Mary Skitch. The scrapbook also contains news clippings and correspondence. A portion of the scrapbook documents the record-setting round-the-world (Manila-to-Manila) flight by Robert and Joan Wallick flying in their Beech Baron C55 Philippine Baron in June 1966.
Arrangement:
Collection is in original order.
Biographical / Historical:
Edith Albaladejo Dizon Fitzsimmons (1922--2014) was a music teacher, writer, and pilot in the Philippines and later Australia. Dizon began flying in 1959, receiving instruction at the Philippine Air Transport Service (PATS) in Manila. Dizon received private pilot license no. 1202. In addition to being an active pilot, Dizon was also an organist for several churches as well as a music teacher, served for a time as a public relations officer for the Philippines Civil Aeronautics Administration, and was a free-lance writer who published numerous articles about her experiences as a pilot and the difficulties facing women pilots in general, as well as general aviation-related articles. These endeavors helped Dizon support her six children after the death of her first husband, D. Paulo Dizon. In 1967, Edith Dizon joined the Ninety-Nines and the Philippine Airmen's Organization (of which she was a member) provided funding for her to be able to attend the Ninety-Nines convention in the United States that year. Also in 1967, Dizon was the only female pilot on a goodwill flight to Sabah, Borneo that was sponsored by the Philippine Airmen's Organization. Dizon also held a record in the Philippines for high altitude flight in a light aircraft, having reached 13,120 feet without the use of oxygen. In 1970, Dizon emigrated with her children to Australia where she worked as the public relations officer for the Mission of St James and St John in Melbourne before marrying her second husband Ray Fitzsimmons and moving to Shepparton, Victoria in 1973. Together they were responsible for the creation of Philippines House at the International Village there. In the 1990s, Dizon traveled to the United States to complete a master's degree in music therapy and enrolled in a doctoral program in women's studies at La Trobe University upon her return to Australia in 1995. Dizon also continued to teach music, perform as an organist, and lecture. Dizon celebrated her 70th, 80th, and 85th birthdays with parachute jumps. In 1998, Dizon published a book of essays on her philosophy of life entitled, The Sky's the Limit. Dizon founded the Goulburn Valley Organ Club, the Filipino-Australian Friends Association, and the Goulburn Valley Multicultural Youth Singing Bell Choir, and was the recipient of numerous honors and awards including the Pamana Ng Pilipino Presidential Award for Filipino Individuals Overseas (2000), the Centenary Medal to commemorate the Federation of Australia (2001), and the Victoria Senior Australian of the Year award (2002). Dizon was also selected to be portrayed on postage stamps as part of the Australia Post's "Face of Australia" series in 2000 and was the subject of a documentary produced in 2002 by Central Philippine University.
Provenance:
Edith A. Dizon, Gift, Date Unknown, NASM.XXXX.0281
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Women air pilots  Search this
Genre/Form:
Scrapbooks
Citation:
Philippine Civil Aviation Scrapbook [Edith Dizon], NASM.XXXX.0281, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.XXXX.0281
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg28ae5b081-c262-48a8-9d89-24dfac49a718
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0281
Online Media:

Oliver A. Rosto Papers

Creator:
Rosto, Oliver Andre (Ole Augustinussen), 1881-1972  Search this
Names:
Early Birds of Aviation (Organization).  Search this
Extent:
.2 Cubic feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Cd-roms
Newsclippings
Photographs
Certificates
Correspondence
Date:
1916 -1955
1969
Summary:
Material documenting the professional career of Oliver A. Rosto, an aviation pioneer and the recipient of the 1955 Civil Aeronautics Administration Silver Medal for Distinguished Service.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains articles, correspondence, press releases, and news clippings in addition to official paperwork, certificates, and photographs documenting the professional career of early aviation pioneer Oliver A. Rosto and his airplane: the Rosto Monoplane.
Arrangement:
Arranged alphabetically by material type.
Biographical / Historical:
Oliver A. Rosto (1881-1972) was born in Norway and emigrated to the United States as a young man. Rosto made several trips to Europe and while in Paris he took his first aircraft flight, going up as a passenger. In 1909 Rosto was living in Duluth, Minnesota, where he built an aircraft, the Rosto Monoplane. He soloed in the aircraft on November 15, 1909, and went on to make a total of twelve flights in the aircraft.

In 1916, he left the United States to enlist in the British Royal Air Force in Toronto, Canada. During World War I, he went with his squadron into Russia on a special mission involving aircraft delivery to the Russians. However, the revolution broke out while he was in Russia and he encountered difficulty in getting out of Russia. By 1917, Rosto had returned to the United States and was an inspector for the Navy, inspecting Curtiss aircraft at their plants in Buffalo and on Long Island. After the War he started work with the American Aircraft Corporation where he designed, tested, and repaired aircraft.

In 1928, Rosto became an air carrier maintenance inspector, for the Bureau of Air Commerce, which preceded the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). He was an international representative from the CAA in Europe from 1946 until his retirement in 1953. After his retirement from the CAA, Rosto served as a liaison representative for Transocean and Aircraft Engineering and Maintenance Company. Rosto was awarded the Civil Aeronautics Administration Silver Medal for Distinguished Service in 1955. Rosto was a member of the Early Birds and the OX5 Club of America.
Provenance:
Diana Fick, Gift, 2005, NASM.2006.0011
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Genre/Form:
CD-ROMs
Newsclippings
Photographs
Certificates
Correspondence
Citation:
Oliver A. Rosto Papers, NASM.2006.0011, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2006.0011
See more items in:
Oliver A. Rosto Papers
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2ded90690-cc88-478e-b912-08bb88a8a73b
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2006-0011
Online Media:

William Mitchell Trial Scrapbooks

Creator:
Webb, William  Search this
Names:
Mitchell, William, 1879-1936  Search this
Extent:
.51 Cubic feet (1 flatbox)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Clippings
Date:
1925-1926
Summary:
Colonel William Lendrum "Billy" Mitchell (1879-1936) of the U.S. Army Air Service, a leading proponent of air power, was court-martialed for insubordination in October – December 1925 after publically criticizing the Navy and War Departments. This collection consists of two scrapbooks of material relating to the court-martial by William Webb, a member of Mitchell's defense team.
Scope and Contents:
This collection was created by William Webb, a member of Colonel William L. "Billy" Mitchell's the defense team for his 1925 court-martial. The collection consists of two scrapbooks containingcontain photographs of Mitchell, Mitchell's family, the defense team, and witnesses; newspaper articles on the trial; and courtroom sketches.
Arrangement:
The collection consists of one flatbox containing two scrapbooks; the contents were arranged by the donor.
Biographical / Historical:
An active participant in American military aviation since its beginnings, Colonel William L. "Billy" Mitchell (1879-1936) was closely involved in shaping air policy and air defense strategy in the 1920s. Mitchell publically criticized the Navy and War Departments in the wake of the crash of the U.S. Navy rigid airship "Shenandoah" on September 3, 1925. His actions resulted in a court-martial held from October – December 1925 for insubordination and "Conduct of a nature to bring discredit upon the military service." Mitchell was found guilty and was sentenced to "Suspension from rank, command, and duty with forfeiture of all pay and allowances for five years." Mitchell resigned from the Army on February 1, 1926. He remained a public voice for air power until his death on February 19, 1936. In 2003, Congress voted to posthumously commission William L. Mitchell as a major general in the Army.
Provenance:
Mrs. William Webb, Gift, 1991, NASM.1992.0013
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Bombing, Aerial  Search this
Courts-martial and courts of inquiry  Search this
Air pilots  Search this
Aeronautics  Search this
Aeronautics, Military  Search this
Air defenses -- United States  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Clippings
Citation:
William Mitchell Trial Scrapbooks, Acc. 1992.0013, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.1992.0013
See more items in:
William Mitchell Trial Scrapbooks
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg28c55fc5e-ecb0-42ba-b10e-c7b883fc8ab1
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-1992-0013
Online Media:

Donald A. Hall Interview

Creator:
Hall, Donald A.  Search this
Names:
Lindbergh, Charles A. (Charles Augustus), 1902-1974  Search this
Extent:
.23 Cubic feet ((1 box))
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Transcripts
Audiocassettes
Date:
1967
Summary:
Reproduction recording of an interview in April 1967 with Donald A. Hall, an engineer and designer of the Ryan NYP Spirit of St. Louis.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of an audio reproduction recording on cassette tape of an interview conducted by telephone with Donald A. Hall in 1967. The interviewer is Thomas Leech who was working on behalf of the San Diego Section of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). During the interview, Hall discusses his career, working with Charles Augustus Lindbergh, the design of the Ryan NYP Spirit of St. Louis, reaction to Lindbergh's New York to Paris flight, his involvement with AIAA, and his family.

Additionally, this collection contains an abridged transcript prepared by Thomas Leech in 2003 and a photocopy of the May 1967 issue of The AIAA Tabloid featuring an article on Donald A. Hall.

Also on the reverse side of the cassette tape is a recording of a speech by C. Northcote Parkinson to the General Dynamics Convair Management Club, circa 1968.
Biographical / Historical:
Donald A. Hall was an engineer who is best known as the designer of the Ryan NYP Spirit of St. Louis. Hall was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1898. In 1917, Hall graduated from the Pratt Institute with a certificate in mechanical engineering. Hall worked for Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company beginning in 1919 before going to Douglas Aircraft in 1924. Hall later accepted the job of chief, and only full-time, engineer at Ryan Airlines where he started on January 31, 1927. A telegram arrived four days later asking if Ryan could build an airplane capable of flying nonstop from New York to Paris, France. Hall reviewed the request and replied affirmatively and on February 21, 1927, Charles Augustus Lindbergh arrived at Ryan to discuss the aircraft. After reviewing Hall's preliminary design work, a contract was finalized between Ryan and Lindbergh on February 25, 1927. The aircraft Hall designed, the Ryan NYP Spirit of St. Louis was built and ready for flight testing on April 28, 1927, a process that took place in under two weeks. On May 21, 1927, Lindbergh completed the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight in history flying in the Spirit of St. Louis.

Later, Hall designed the Ryan X-1 Doodle Bug (Mahoney-Ryan Special). After Ryan relocated to St. Louis, Missouri, Hall stayed in San Diego, California and founded his own company, Hall Aeronautical Development Company. After the Great Depression hit, Hall was forced to close his company due to financial concerns and went to work for Consolidated in 1936. During his time with the company, Hall worked as a consultant to I. M. Laddon on the design of the Consolidated B-24 Liberator. In 1949, Hall went to work for the U.S. Navy at Naval Air Station North Island where he was an engineer before being promoted to head of the helicopter branch and later head of the structures branch before retiring in 1963. Donald A. Hall died in 1968.
Provenance:
Thomas Leech, Gift, 2010, NASM.2010.0039
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Gateway Arch (Saint Louis, Mo.)  Search this
Genre/Form:
Transcripts
Audiocassettes
Citation:
Donald A. Hall Interview, NASM.2010.0039, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2010.0039
See more items in:
Donald A. Hall Interview
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg20ba352dc-4f4d-4172-aeac-e3f00c39b68d
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2010-0039
Online Media:

US Navy 1919 Transatlantic Flight (NC-4 Flight) Post Cards

Names:
United States. Navy  Search this
Extent:
0.05 Cubic feet (1 folder, 11 photographs, 3.5 x 5.4 inches)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Place:
Azores
Long Island (N.Y.)
Trepassey (N.L.)
Lisbon (Portugal)
Date:
May 1919
Summary:
This collection consists of eleven gelatin-silver photographs printed by the International Film Service as commercial post cards of the US Navy NC Transatlantic expedition of 1919, showing various stages of the flight, from the departure from NAS Rockaway (New York, USA) to shots of the Curtiss NC-4 at anchor in Lisbon, Portugal, and its crew being congratulated on arrival in Plymouth, England (UK).
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of eleven gelatin-silver photographs printed by the International Film Service as commercial post cards of the US Navy NC Transatlantic expedition of 1919, showing various stages of the flight, from the departure from NAS Rockaway (New York, USA) to shots of the Curtiss NC-4 at anchor in Lisbon, Portugal, and its crew being congratulated on arrival in Plymouth, England (UK).
Arrangement:
Post cards have been arranged in chronological order based on the card titles and assigned NASM Archives image reference numbers NASM-9A19917 through NASM-9A19927.
Biographical / Historical:
On May 8, 1919, the Curtiss-built flying boat NC-4, in company with the NC-1 and NC-3, departed from the Naval Air Station Rockaway (New York) on the first leg of a transatlantic flight. Intermediate legs were planned for Naval Air Station Chatham (Massachusetts); Halifax, Nova Scotia, and Trepassey, Newfoundland. On May 16, the three aircraft began the longest leg of their mission -- from Newfoundland to the Azores. Naval vessels were stationed along the route to indicate the route to the aviators. NC-1 became disabled, and its crew was rescued by the Greek freighter SS Iona. NC-3 was forced down but was able to taxi in to harbor in the Azores. NC-4 arrived safely in Horta (Ilha do Faial), in the Azores on May 17. After delays for repairs, NC-4 took off on May 27 and landed at Lisbon, Portugal, 9 hours later, becoming the first aircraft to make a crossing of the Atlantic Ocean. The NC-4 continued via Ferrol, Spain, to Plymouth, England, arriving on May 31, 1919.

After service during World War I with the US Navy, commercial photographer Norbert George Moser partnered for a short time with the International Film Service (IFS) to publish photo post cards of Navy-related subjects. This group of US Navy "Transatlantic Flight May 14th 1919" post cards likely reproduces scenes captured by several different photographers. Note that the last card in the collection (NASM-9A19927), despite being titled as "Congratulating crew of the N.C.4 on arrival in England" is a US Navy photograph of officers of the seaplane tender USS Shawmut congratulating the crew of the Curtiss NC-4 at Lisbon, Portugal, on May 28, 1919.
Provenance:
Paul E. Garber, gift, 1982, NASM.XXXX.1102
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Airplanes  Search this
Naval aviation  Search this
Curtiss NC-Boat Family  Search this
Curtiss NC-4 (P2N-1)  Search this
Curtiss NC-3 (P2N-1)  Search this
Curtiss NC-1 (P2N-1)  Search this
Seaplanes  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- 1910-1920 -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver gelatin
Citation:
US Navy 1919 Transatlantic Flight (NC-4 Flight) Post Cards, Acc. NASM.XXXX.1102, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.XXXX.1102
See more items in:
US Navy 1919 Transatlantic Flight (NC-4 Flight) Post Cards
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2d67610f6-2cce-4cee-82ff-b46abc3afb36
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-1102
Online Media:

Albatros D.Va Stropp (NASM Specimen) Photographs

Extent:
.0325 Gigabytes
.05 Cubic feet (folder containing CD)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Gigabytes
Born digital
Cd-roms
Digital images
Date:
circa 1919
Summary:
Images of the National Air and Space Museum's Stropp Albatros D.Va circa 1919.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of three historical photographs of the National Air and Space Museum's Stropp Albatros D.Va. Images on the CD depict the aircraft on display outside possibly in California and on a Victory Loan Special train circa 1919.
Arrangement:
Original order.
Biographical / Historical:
The Albatros series of single-seat fighters produced between 1916 and 1918 were among the most numerous and distinctive aircraft of the First World War, the Albatros D.Va remaining in production until April 1918. Despite their numbers, only two Albatros fighters have survived (both D.Va models). One, bearing a distinctive marking of "Stropp" on the side of the fuselage, has been in the collection of the National Air and Space Museum since 1952 [A19500092000]. The Museum completed its restoration of the Albatros D.Va in 1979.
Provenance:
Greg Van Wyngarden, Gift, 2004, NASM.2004.0051
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Albatros D.Va (L24)  Search this
World War, 1914-1918 -- Aircraft  Search this
Genre/Form:
Born digital
CD-ROMs
Digital images
Citation:
Albatros D.Va Stropp (NASM Specimen) Photographs, NASM.2004.0051, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2004.0051
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2e7c1ac2c-c780-4c33-b64c-3b1ec7f2e6bc
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2004-0051
Online Media:

World War I British Aerospace Aircraft

Names:
British Aerospace  Search this
Extent:
.272 Gigabytes
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Gigabytes
Born digital
Cd-roms
Date:
1910s, 1986
Summary:
Digital images of a Bristol Fighter F.2B, a de Havilland DH-4, and a captured Fokker D.VII in service of the Royal Air Force during World War I as well as a contemporary scans of the 1986 publication British Aerospace and 50 Years of the King's Flight and the Queen's Flight.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains digital images of a Bristol Fighter F.2B, a de Havilland DH-4, and a captured Fokker D.VII in service of the Royal Air Force during World War I as well as contemporary photographs of a gunsight and altimeter of a DH-4. Also included are scans of a 1986 publication titled British Aerospace and 50 Years of the King's Flight and the Queen's Flight.
Arrangement:
Original order.
Biographical / Historical:
British Aerospace played a crucial role in supporting the overall Allied forces in the First World War by manufacturing and supplying a wide range of aircraft. Near the end of the war, the British Royal Air Force (succeeding the Royal Flying Corps in April 1918) prominently used Bristol Fighter F.2B and de Havilland DH-4 aircraft with a limited number of Fokker D.VII aircraft. The Bristol Fighter F.2B was a versatile two-seater aircraft employed for reconnaissance, ground-attack missions, and aerial combat. The de Havilland DH-4 served primarily as a bomber, conducting strategic bombing and close air support operations. The German Fokker D.VII aircraft became one of the most coveted biplane fighters of the war when introduced in May 1918 for its handling advancements and ease-of-operations.

While established after World War I, British Aerospace's origins begin in 1910 with the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company. In 1959, after operations split creating the Bristol Aircraft and Bristol Aero Engines, they merged with several other major British aircraft companies to form the British Aircraft Corporation. British Aerospace officially formed as a new entity in 1977 through the Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act that called for the nationalization and merger of the British Aircraft Corporation, Hawker Siddeley Aviation, Hawker Siddeley Dynamics, and Scottish Aviation.
Provenance:
Gerald Henri Cullen, Gift, 2003, NASM.2003.200.0061
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Bristol Fighter F.2B (Brisfit)  Search this
de Havilland (Airco) D.H.4  Search this
Fokker D. VII  Search this
Genre/Form:
Born digital
CD-ROMs
Citation:
World War I British Aerospace Aircraft, NASM.2003.0020.0061, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2003.0020.0061
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2ff6fe91f-8934-49f1-a59d-cde97e1f79a5
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2003-0020-0061
Online Media:

Bell X-1 Photographs

Extent:
.076 Gigabytes
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Gigabytes
Born digital
Digital images
Date:
circa 1947
Summary:
Photographs of the Bell X-1 Glamorous Glennis in flight.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains two photographs of the Bell X-1 Glamorous Glennis (serial number 46-062) in flight over the Mojave Desert near Muroc Dry Lake, California circa 1947.
Arrangement:
Original order.
Biographical / Historical:
The Bell X-1 was a rocket-powered aircraft designed and built by Bell Aircraft in 1946 for a joint research project with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and the U.S. Army Air Forces [superseded by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the U.S. Air Force respectively]. On October 14, 1947, the Bell X-1 (serial number 46-062) named Glamorous Glennis became the first airplane to fly faster than the speed of sound. It was piloted by U.S. Air Force Capt. Charles E. "Chuck" Yeager, who named the aircraft in honor of his wife.

On August 26, 1950, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Hoyt Vandenberg presented Glamorous Glennis to Alexander Wetmore, then Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, where the aircraft was transferred the National Air Museum. (item inventory number: A19510007000)
Provenance:
Air Force Flight Test Center History Office, Gift, 2004, NASM.2004.0020.0073
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Bell Aircraft Family  Search this
Genre/Form:
Born digital
Digital images
Citation:
Bell X-1 Photographs, NASM.2004.0020.0073, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2004.0020.0073
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2f46aab2e-553f-40ce-bfbc-1eed60821688
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2004-0020-0073
Online Media:

Edgar J. Wynn Collection

Creator:
Wynn, Edward J., 1914-  Search this
Names:
Pan American World Airways, Inc.  Search this
Royal Canadian Air Force  Search this
Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc.  Search this
United States. Army Air Forces. Air Transport Command  Search this
Wynn, Edward J., 1914-  Search this
Extent:
0.23 Cubic feet (1 flatbox; 1 folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photograph albums
Publications
Date:
1939-[ca. 1940s]
Summary:
Edgar J. Wynn (1913--1947) was a barnstormer and civilian air transport pilot who served in both the Royal Canadian Air Force and later the US Air Force. This collection consists of several copies of a publication written by Wynn as well as a photo album.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of several copies of Edgar J. Wynn's So You're Going to Fly the Big Stuff and a photo album. The album measures approximately 10 x 11 inches and contains images dating mainly from 1939 to 1941, many taken in Canada or New York. The album also contains extensive captioning by Wynn. Aircraft shown in the album include the Luscombe Model 8; Waco F-2; Douglas DC-3; Consolidated B-24 Liberator; North American Harvard; and the Sikorsky S-42 Clipper.
Arrangement:
Collection is arranged by type of material.
Biographical / Historical:
Edgar J. Wynn (1913--1947) learned to fly at age 16, and barnstormed in the east and middle west of the United States until the outbreak of World War II. In 1940 Wynn joined the Royal Canadian Air Force, where he was an instructor. After a few months, however, Wynn resigned his commission to take a job as a civilian ferry pilot. After forty-odd flights across the North Atlantic as a ferry pilot, he shifted to Pan American Airways (Pan Am) where he ferried bombers to Africa by the South Atlantic Route. He later switched to Trans World Airlines (TWA) where he had the privilege of piloting Eleanor Roosevelt. After his stint with TWA he became a captain in the US Air Force Air Transport Command. Wynn wrote several books about flying transport aircraft including Bombers Across and So You're Going to Fly the Big Stuff.
Provenance:
Gardette L. Cumpston, Gift, 1993, NASM.1993.0029.
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Aeronautics, Military  Search this
Aeronautics  Search this
Air pilots  Search this
Airplanes -- Ferrying  Search this
Aeronautics, Commercial  Search this
Aeronautics -- Exhibitions  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photograph albums
Publications
Citation:
Edgar J. Wynn Collection, NASM.1993.0029, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.1993.0029
See more items in:
Edgar J. Wynn Collection
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg259ddc3ee-4002-46ed-854c-bbc106ce6345
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-1993-0029
Online Media:

Ansco Autoset John Glenn Advertisement Slides

Creator:
Ansco (film manufacturer)  Search this
Names:
Glenn, John Herschel, Jr., 1921-2016  Search this
Extent:
.05 Cubic feet (One legal folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Color slides
Date:
post February 20, 1962
Summary:
Astronaut John H. Glenn, Jr. took the first human-captured, color still photographs of the Earth during his three-orbit mission on February 20, 1962, with an Ansco Autoset model camera. This collection consists of a packet of four 35mm color slides produced from color photographs taken by Glenn during his space flight, which Ansco included with each purchase of its Ansco Autoset 35mm camera as an advertising promotion.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of a packet of four Anscochrome 35 mm color slides (transparencies) produced from color photographs taken by astronaut John Glenn during his space flight, which Ansco included with each purchase of its Ansco Autoset 35 mm camera as an advertising promotion. The collection also includes the original slide envelope with a description of each photograph.

1. View of the Atlas Mountains in Sahara Desert. Coast of Morocco and Atlantic Ocean in foreground.

2. One of the three sunsets Col. Glenn saw.

3. Clouds over the Pacific Ocean.

4. East coast of Florida, Atlantic Ocean in foreground, Gulf of Mexico in center background.
Arrangement:
Slides are presented in original order. Digital images show fronts and backs of slides in reflected light, a view of the slides in transmitted light, and front and back of the original envelope containing the slides.
Biographical / Historical:
Astronaut John H. Glenn, Jr. took the first human-captured, color still photographs of the Earth during his three-orbit mission on February 20, 1962, with an Ansco Autoset camera. The fully automatic Ansco Autoset model was manufactured for Ansco by the Japanese camera company Minolta, being essentially the same design as the Minolta Hi-Matic. For ease of use by Glenn, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) technicians attached a pistol grip handle and trigger to this commercial 35 mm camera, as well as a large viewfinder on top as Glenn, wearing a spacesuit helmet, could not get his eye close to a built-in viewfinder.

The Ansco brand name dates from the merger in 1901 of two American photography firms, E. & H. T. Anthony & Co. and Scovill Manufacturing. In 1907, the company now known as the Anthony & Scovill Co., producers of photographic films, papers, and cameras, officially changed their name to Ansco. In 1928, Ansco (based in Binghamton, New York) merged with the German photographic company Agfa to form the Agfa-Ansco Corporation which soon came under the control of the German chemical conglomerate IG Farben; the following year Agfa-Ansco's holding company name was changed to American IG Chemical Corporation, although their products retained the Agfa-Ansco brand name. In 1939, American IG was merged with General Aniline to form General Aniline & Film (GAF) with Agfa-Ansco becoming a subsidiary of GAF. Agfa-Ansco's German connections became an issue with the entrance of the United States into World War II, and in 1941 the US government seized GAF's American interests (including Agfa-Ansco) as enemy property. In 1944, "Agfa" was dropped from the name to become the Ansco Division of GAF. The US government continued to run the company for the next twenty years, with GAF not becoming a public firm until 1965. By the late 1970s the Ansco company had ceased the manufacture of film and was effectively dead; in 1978 GAF sold the rights to the Ansco trademark name to a Hong Kong firm which produced the last Ansco brand cameras in the early 1990s.
Related Materials:
The modified Ansco Autoset camera used by astronaut John H. Glenn, Jr. on the Mercury Friendship 7 flight is in the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum collection: Camera, 35mm, Glenn, Friendship 7, A19670198000.
Provenance:
Bill Jonscher, Gift, 2019, NASM.2019.0047
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Astronautics  Search this
Space photography  Search this
Space flight  Search this
Genre/Form:
Color slides
Citation:
Ansco Autoset John Glenn Advertisement Slides, Acc. NASM.2019.0047, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2019.0047
See more items in:
Ansco Autoset John Glenn Advertisement Slides
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg282b5dc41-5a9d-4178-b392-81ec5fb9d566
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2019-0047
Online Media:

Emory Conrad Malick Biographical Information

Creator:
Malick, Emory Conrad.  Search this
Names:
Curtiss Aviation Flying School  Search this
Extent:
0.05 Cubic feet (1 folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Scrapbooks
Date:
1888-2010
bulk 1910-1928
Summary:
Emory Conrad Malick was an early American aviator. This collection consists of copies of records relating to Malick including copies of photographs, correspondence, and other documents.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of copies of records relating to Emory Conrad Malick including copies of photographs of Malick; aerial photographs taken by Malick; a copy of Malick's letterhead which includes a photo of Malick at the controls of an aircraft; biographical sketches written by family members; news clippings related to Malick; copies of correspondence between Malick and various family members and business associates; a listing of "Holders of Aviation Certificates of the Aero Club of America Issued under F.A.I [Fédération Aéronautique Internationale] Rules"; a receipt for dues paid to the Aero Club of Pennsylvania; and a copy of a member's ticket to an Aero Club of Pennsylvania event in September 1910.
Arrangement:
Collection is in original order.
Biographical / Historical:
Emory Conrad Malick was an early American aviator. Malick was born in 1881 and grew up in Pennsylvania. As a young man, Malick built and flew gliders. Malick attended the Curtiss Aviation School at North Island, San Diego, California where he earned Aero Club of America aviation certificate no. 105 on March 20, 1912 (issued under Fédération Aéronautique Internationale rules). In 1914, Malick obtained a Curtiss pusher type airplane and began barnstorming in Pennsylvania making him the first pilot to fly in Snyder County. Malick later moved to Philadelphia and flew for the Flying Dutchman Air Service and took aerial photographs on behalf of the Aero Service Corporation and Dallin Aerial Surveys. Malick died in 1958.
Provenance:
Mary Groce, Gift, 2010, NASM.2010.0034
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Air pilots  Search this
Aerial photography  Search this
Aeronautics  Search this
Aeronautics -- Exhibitions  Search this
Genre/Form:
Scrapbooks
Citation:
Emory Conrad Malick Biographical Information, NASM.2010.0034, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2010.0034
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg235260471-8a40-420a-aa14-b092448ed97c
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2010-0034

Pan American World Airways Tickets

Creator:
Pan American World Airways, Inc.  Search this
Extent:
0.05 Cubic feet (1 folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Tickets
Place:
Bermuda Islands
Ireland
New York City
Date:
1951, 1952
Summary:
This donation consists of two Pan American World Airways passenger tickets issued to Margaret Hempenstall for roundtrip service on two of its post-war long-distance land-based airliner routes: one for New York to Shannon, Ireland (1951) and the other for New York to Bermuda (1952).
Scope and Contents:
This donation consists of two Pan American World Airways passenger tickets (form 0262-21) issued to Margaret Hempenstall for roundtrip service on two of its post-war long-distance land-based airliner routes: one for New York to Shannon, Ireland (1951) and the other for New York to Bermuda (1952).

The first item is a Pan American World Airways airline passenger ticket (number 022484) issued April 21, 1951, to Margaret Hempenstall for roundtrip service aboard a Boeing B-377 Stratoclipper from New York, USA, to Shannon, Ireland, on the airline's New York to London route: outbound flight PA120 departing May 20, 1951, at 10:00 AM; return flight PA103 departing June 30, 1951, 11:59 PM. Fare was $542.10, paid in cash. The ticket, issued by C. A. Hanssen & Bro. Inc. (Brooklyn, New York) and printed by Dennison & Sons, Inc. (New York) includes three baggage claim ticket stubs stapled to the inside front cover.

The second item is a Pan American World Airways airline passenger ticket (number 326316) issued May 8, 1952, to Margaret Hempenstall for roundtrip service aboard a Douglas DC-4 from New York, USA, to Bermuda: outbound flight 132 departing May 24, 1952, at 9:30 AM; return flight 133 departing May 31, 1952, 3:30 PM. Fare was $97.75. The ticket, issued by the airline directly and printed by Rand McNally & Company, includes one baggage claim ticket stub stapled to the inside front cover. The front page of the ticket includes a Bermuda tax stamp (12 shillings and sixpence) with Bermuda customs and immigration overstamps.
Arrangement:
Items are arranged in chronological order.
Biographical / Historical:
Pan American World Airways was active in the airline industry from 1927, when it established a regular scheduled international service, to its bankruptcy in late 1991. Pan American was the first American airline to operate a permanent international air service. From its first route between Key West and Havana, Pan Am extended its routes into the rest of the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. In 1936, Pan Am inaugurated passenger service in the Pacific, and began service in the Atlantic in 1939. The post-World War II era saw the introduction of long-distance land-based airliner service on its transatlantic routes, replacing earlier pre-war flying boat service. In 1945, Pan American Airways, which had provided flying boat service into Foynes, Ireland, on the Shannon River estuary, began service into the nearby and recently constructed Shannon Airport as part of its New York to London route. Farther south, Bermuda had long been an important stopping point on transatlantic flying boat routes. In 1946, Pan Am pulled off another "first" when it inaugurated commercial service into Kindley Field, Bermuda; the airfield had been constructed by US Army engineers during the war for use by both the US Army Air Forces and the Royal Air Force and until this point had been strictly a military field. Pan Am started around-the-world commercial air service in 1947. Besides setting many "firsts" with routes, Pan Am also established "firsts" in the aircraft technology they chose, such as being the first to use Boeing 747s in regular scheduled services.
Provenance:
John and Catherine Daly, gift, 2010, NASM.2010.0011. These tickets are donated in the memory of Margaret (Hempenstall) Daly.
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Aeronautics, Commercial -- United States  Search this
Airlines  Search this
Genre/Form:
Tickets
Citation:
Pan American World Airways Tickets, Acc. NASM.2010.0011, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2010.0011
See more items in:
Pan American World Airways Tickets
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg259fb1b0b-5692-4883-af73-0857f6f38f7a
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2010-0011
Online Media:

Samuel Donovan "Don" Swann Collection

Creator:
United States. Army. Signal Corps  Search this
Names:
Swann, Don, 1889-1954  Search this
Extent:
.25 Cubic feet (One slim legal document case)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
1910-1942
bulk August 31, 1917 to December 31, 1918
Summary:
This accession is a collection of military records, including orders, travel papers, memos, equipment lists, and other correspondence concerning Don Swann while he was stationed in Paris in 1918.
Scope and Contents:
This accession is a collection of military records, including orders, travel papers, memos, equipment lists, and other correspondence concerning Don Swann while he was stationed in Paris in 1918. Also included are: a souvenir program from the International Jacques Schneider Cup Races, dated October 24, 1925, and annotated by Swann with notes about the pilots of the day; an American Expeditionary Forces Headquarters Tentative Equipment Manual for Supply Squadron; April 20, 1918 propaganda leaflets in German regarding President Wilson's speech; and miscellaneous notes by Swann written about early aviation in Baltimore, MD, his hometown.
Arrangement:
Materials in this collection are grouped into two series by type: Documents (Series 1) and Photographs (Series 2).

In 1998, the six photographs in this collection were reproduced on the second side (Side B) of National Air and Space Museum Archival Videodisc 7, a LaserDisc CAV format 12-inch (30 cm) optical disc published by the Smithsonian Institution. Print numbers applied during videodisc production are used as item-level image numbers (print numbers NASM 7B06404 to NASM 7B06409, videodisc frame capture numbers VD-7B06404 to VD-7B06404) and the images are stored in videodisc number order.
Biographical / Historical:
Samuel Donovan "Don" Swann (1899–1954) was a World War I aviator and an American artist. Fascinated by aviation from the time he was 17, Swann attended St. John's College in Annapolis as a cadet. In November 1917, Swann was sent to Kelly Field, Texas, to attend Ground Officer's Training School, where he graduated as a first lieutenant. During World War I Swann was an officer in the Signal Reserves Corps, Aviation Section, until January 1918, at which point he was assigned to the 62nd Squadron with the American Expeditionary Forces in France. During his service overseas, Swann was placed in charge of supplying Air Service material for all aviation training schools in France. As he was interested in flying, he petitioned to be switched over to piloting and by the beginning of October 1918, he received dispensation to be allowed to make flights. After his discharge at the end of the war, Swann was employed as the superintendent of the American Propeller Manufacturing Company of Baltimore which was a primary source of aeronautical propeller supplies. He later also worked at the Monumental Aircraft Company at College Park, Maryland, which consisted entirely of aeronautical supplies. As an artist, Swann studied in Germany and Italy, and was known for historic Americana; his art was exhibited in many United States cities and is part of many permanent collections, including the Metropolitan Museum and the Smithsonian Institution.
Provenance:
Mr. S. Donovan Swann, Jr., Gift, 1987, NASM.1987.0062
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
World War, 1914-1918 -- Aerial operations  Search this
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces  Search this
Military records -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Citation:
Samuel Donovan "Don" Swann Collection, NASM.1987.0062, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.1987.0062
See more items in:
Samuel Donovan "Don" Swann Collection
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2ae814321-0602-434e-a35b-f0848d68589f
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-1987-0062
Online Media:

Corona Program Exhibit Posters Collection

Creator:
United States. Central Intelligence Agency  Search this
United States. Air Force  Search this
Extent:
0.13 Cubic feet (2 folders, 15 photographs, 20 x 24 inches)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Aerial photographs
Photographs
Date:
bulk 1995
bulk 1961-1970
Summary:
The United States' first photographic reconnaissance satellites were designed, launched, and operated as the Corona program by the Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science and Technology, and by the US Air Force. Operating between 1959 and 1972, Corona KH (Keyhole) series satellites provided worldwide photographic coverage, surveying ballistic missile development and nuclear sites of the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. This collection consists of fifteen 20 x 24 inch photographic prints used in a National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) conference or press event in 1995, the year that the Corona program was declassified, 35 years after the first successful mission.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of fifteen 20 x 24 inch color photographic prints (predominantly reproducing black and white aerial photography) which were used in a National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) conference or press event in 1995, the year that the Corona program was declassified, 35 years after the first successful mission.
Arrangement:
Materials are presented in original order received.
Biographical / Historical:
The United States' first photographic reconnaissance satellites were designed, launched, and operated as the Corona program by the Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science and Technology, and by the US Air Force. Operating between 1959 and 1972, Corona KH (Keyhole) series satellites provided worldwide photographic coverage, surveying ballistic missile development and nuclear sites of the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. Images were shot on film canisters which were ejected from the satellite, and were then recovered by specially modified aircraft during parachute descent. The Corona program was declassified by executive order in 1995, making over 800,000 photographs available to the public.
Provenance:
National Reconnaissance Office, Transferred from the Space History Department, 2013
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests
Topic:
Artificial satellites  Search this
KH-4 (Corona) Reconnaissance Satellite  Search this
Photographic reconnaissance systems  Search this
Cold War  Search this
Genre/Form:
Aerial Photographs
Photographs
Citation:
Corona Program Exhibit Posters Collection, Acc. NASM.2013.0029, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2013.0029
See more items in:
Corona Program Exhibit Posters Collection
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2f81fee59-54b4-4540-9cbd-bcf77850c3d1
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2013-0029
Online Media:

North American X-15 Flight Record

Creator:
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration  Search this
Reaction Motors, Inc.  Search this
Names:
North American Aviation, Inc.  Search this
United States. Air Force  Search this
Dryden, Hugh L. (Hugh Latimer), Dr., 1898-1965  Search this
Extent:
.05 Cubic feet (1 folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
1964
Summary:
This collection consists of two items relating to the X-15 Flight Test Program: a 24-page booklet, X-15 Flight Record with Thiokol Liquid Rocket Engines, prepared by the Thiokol Chemical Corporation, Reaction Motors Division, from flight data compiled by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (Third Printing, January 1964); and an event program for the X-15 Flight Test Program Awards Ceremony held at the NASA Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, California, on February 24, 1964.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of two items, a 7 x 5 inch booklet and an 8 x 5 inch event program. The 24-page booklet, X-15 Flight Record with Thiokol Liquid Rocket Engines, "prepared by the Thiokol Chemical Corporation, Reaction Motors Division, from flight data compiled by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration" (Third Printing, January 1964, publication number PL 1-64) is designed as a souvenir of the X-15 flight test program. The illustrated booklet contains a brief history of the X-15 program and the three X-15 vehicles built by North American Aviation, Inc. using Thiokol reusable liquid rocket engines; a list of X-15 test pilots; brief information about the Thiokol XLR11 and YLR99 engines; and a chronological list of flight record entries beginning with the first flight on June 8, 1959. Each flight record entry (designed to appear handwritten) lists the date, pilot, speed and altitude reached, and remarks. Flights 1 through 98 (January 8, 1964) are pre-printed, with blank spaces provided "to help you log future successes" (space is provided to record information on 148 flights total). The program is for the X-15 Flight Test Program Awards Ceremony held at the NASA Flight Research Center at Edwards Air Force Base, California, on February 24, 1964. This event included the presentation of a NASA Group Achievement Award to the X-15 Flight Test Program team as well as the presentation of individual awards. Featured speakers included Hugh L. Dryden (Deputy Administrator, NASA), Paul F. Bikle (Director, NASA Flight Research Center), and Brigadier General Irving L. Branch (US Air Force, Commander, Air Force Flight Test Center).
Arrangement:
Items are arranged in chronological order.
Biographical / Historical:
First flown in 1959, the North American X-15 hypersonic research aircraft bridged the gap between human flight in the atmosphere and spaceflight. Three airframes were built by North American Aviation, Inc. for the X-15 program (serial numbers 56-6670, 56-6671, and 56-6672) each using liquid rocket engines built by the Reaction Motors Division of the Thiokol Chemical Corporation. Based at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Flight Research Test Center at Edwards Air Force Base, California, the X-15 was the first winged aircraft to fly Mach 4, 5, and 6 and to operate at altitudes above 30,500 m (100,000 ft). Eight of the twelve test pilots received astronaut wings for X-15 high-altitude flights.
Provenance:
Unknown, found in collection, 1992, NASM.1992.0020.0076.
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Propulsion systems  Search this
Research aircraft  Search this
Supersonic planes  Search this
North American X-15  Search this
Citation:
North American X-15 Flight Record, Acc. NASM.1992.0020.0076, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.1992.0020.0076
See more items in:
North American X-15 Flight Record
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg22a266697-564c-41a8-a043-913cadc5d854
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-1992-0020-0076
Online Media:

Betty Skelton Collection

Creator:
Skelton, Betty, 1926-  Search this
Names:
Fellow Lady Astronaut Trainees (FLATS, "Mercury 13")  Search this
Pitts Aviation Enterprises, Inc.  Search this
Pitts S-1 Special, Little Stinker  Search this
Project Mercury (U.S.)  Search this
Extent:
8.21 Cubic feet (10 legal document boxes, 4 flatboxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Scrapbooks
Advertisements
Clippings
Date:
circa 1920-2005
Summary:
In 2002 Betty Skelton donated a collection of materials outlining her career as an aviatrix and race car driver to the National Air and Space Museum. The donated material consists primarily of news clippings, pamphlets, magazines, photographs, and scrapbooks covering the span of Ms. Skelton's career.
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists primarily of news clippings, pamphlets, magazines, photographs, and scrapbooks covering the span of Ms. Skelton's career.
Arrangement:
The collection has been divided into three series. The first series contains information on Betty Skelton's personal life, including birth and wedding announcements and family photos. The second, pertaining to her professional life, spans a broad range of materials covering the various careers pursued by Ms. Skelton. The third series consists of oversized items such as scrapbooks and large format magazines. Each series is further divided by format (i.e. news clippings, brochures, and photographs) and then chronologically.

SERIES I: Personal

News clippings; Photographs

SERIES II: Professional

News clippings, Programs and Pamphlets; Correspondence; Magazines/Press Releases; Photographs; Negatives

SERIES III: Oversized Materials
Biographical / Historical:
Betty Skelton Frankman, noted aviatrix, automobile test driver, race car driver, and business woman, was born in 1926 in Pensacola, Florida. Her interest in aviation was kindled at a young age while watching Navy stunt pilots practice. Soon, she and her parents began taking flying lessons and Betty soloed for the first time at age 12, four years before the legal age. As soon as she was legally able, age 16, Betty got her pilot's license. At age 19 she joined the Civil Air Patrol while also working as a flight instructor at her father's aviation school. She began a professional career as an aerobatic pilot in 1946, flying a 1929 Great Lakes 2T1A biplane. In 1948, while flying that aircraft, Betty won her first International Aerobatic Championship for Women. She would repeat this achievement in 1949 and 1950 while flying a Pitts-Special S-1C that she nicknamed "Little Stinker." By 1951 Betty realized that she had gone as far as a woman could go in aviation and retired.

Through a chance meeting with Bill France, the founder of the National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR), Betty began a second career as a test and race car driver. She set multiple land speed records and two transcontinental speed records. Her work with Dodge and Chevrolet led her to her next career as an advertising executive for Campbell-Ewald Advertising Agency, the firm that handled Chevrolet advertising.

In 1959, Betty was given the opportunity to train with the original Mercury 7 astronauts. She completed the same physical and physiological tests as the astronauts, but knew a woman was not destined to be the first American in space. The experience resulted in only a cover story in LOOK magazine (Vol. 24 No. 3 Feb. 2, 1960). In 1965, Betty married Donald Frankman and, eventually, the two moved to Florida and started a real estate business.

Betty held more combined aviation and automotive records than any other person. Her aviation achievements included: a world speed record for piston engine aircraft (unofficial), two light plane altitude records, and three international aerobatic championships. Her achievements in the automotive field included a women's closed course speed record (144.02 mph), a speed record for 200-249 cubic inch piston displacement (105.8 mph), a 24-hour stock car endurance record, a transcontinental record New York to Los Angeles (56 hrs 58 mins.), four land speed records, a South American transcontinental auto speed record, and multiple Bonneville Speed and Endurance Records.

She was also inducted into many halls of fame including, the International Aerobatic Hall of Fame, the NASCAR International Motorsports Hall of Fame, the Corvette Hall of Fame, the Tampa Sports Hall of Fame, and the Florida Women's Hall of Fame. In 1985, Betty and Don donated her Pitts Special "Little Stinker" to the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum (NASM). It currently hangs at the entrance to NASM's Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center at Dulles, Virginia. Betty and her second husband, Dr. Allan Erde, retired to The Villages, Florida, a popular retirement community where many residents use golf carts to get from place to place. But Betty, in keeping with her moniker as the "fastest woman on Earth," drove a bright red Corvette convertible. She died at her home on August 31, 2011, at the age of 85.

The following timeline covers key events in Skelton's life, as well as in the aerospace and automotive industries. Events involving Skelton are shown in normal type while those of the latter are shown in italics.

Timeline of Betty Skelton

6/28/1926 -- Betty is born in Pensacola, Florida

May 1927 -- Charles Lindbergh makes the first solo west to east transatlantic flight

May 1932 -- Amelia Earhart becomes first women to solo across the Atlantic

1937 -- Amelia Earhart and Captain Fred Noonan go missing

12/7/1941 -- Bombing of Pearl Harbor forces American entry into World War II

1942 -- Officially soloed and received pilot's license at age 16

1944 -- Women's Airforce Service Pilots program ends

1945 -- Joins the Civil Air Patrol, eventually achieving rank of Major

May 1945 -- End of War in Europe

August 1945 -- Atom bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki followed by Japanese surrender and end of World War II

1946 -- Begins career as aerobat at Southeastern Air Exposition in Jacksonville, Florida

1947 -- The United States Air Force becomes an independent military service Chuck Yeager breaks the sound barrier becoming the first man to fly faster than the speed of sound

1948 -- Becomes International Aerobatics Champion for women Buys "Little Stinker" Orville Wright dies at age 76 Berlin Airlift begins operation NASCAR is formed

1949 -- Pilots the smallest plane to cross the Irish Sea Represents United States in RAF Pageant – Belfast, Ireland Sets World Light Plane Altitude Record (~26,000 ft) First non-stop round the world flight is made by Capt. James Gallagher Represents United States in International Air Pageant – London, United Kingdom Unofficially sets world Speed Record for engine aircraft (426 mph) Retains title as International Aerobatics Champion for women

1950 -- Retains title of International Aerobatics Champion for women Becomes hostess of radio program "Van Wilson's Greeting Time"

1951 -- Four monkeys become the first living creatures to travel in space Retires from Flying Sets World Light Plane Altitude Record (~29,000 ft)

1953 -- Jacqueline Cochran becomes first women to fly faster than the speed of sound Stars in a movie short about motor boat jumping Meets Bill France and takes first ride in pace car

1954 -- Sets Stock Car Flying Mile Record (105.88 mph) Sets new world women's closed course record (144.02 mph) Sets new world women's closed course record (143.44 mph) First woman to drive an Indy Car

1955 -- Participates in Stock Car Endurance Run

1956 -- Becomes an advertising executive for Campbell-Ewald Participates in Stock Car Endurance Run First successful launch of a Chrysler Redstone Rocket from Cape Canaveral Sets new land speed record (145.044 mph) Sets transcontinental record New York to Los Angeles (56 hrs 58 mins)

1957 -- Sputnik 2 carries first dog into space Participates in Mobilgas Economy Run Sputnik is launched by the Soviet Union

1958 -- United States launches Explorer 1, the first US satellite to enter Earth's orbit National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is established South American Transcontinental Auto Speed Record (41hrs 14 mins)

1959 -- Trains with Mercury 7 astronauts

1960 -- Participates in Mobilgas Economy Run

1961 -- Alan Shepard becomes the first American in space Participates in Mobilgas Economy Run Yuri Gagarin becomes first man in space

1962 -- Cuban Missile Crisis Participates in Baja Run

1963 -- John F. Kennedy is assassinated Valentina Tereshkova becomes first women in space

1965 -- Sets new land speed record (315 mph) Marries Donald A. Frankman

1967 -- An accident during testing of Apollo 1 kills Virgil Grissom, Roger Chaffee, and Edward White

1969 -- Successfully lobbies to end discrimination against female pilots in air racing Becomes Vice President of Campbell-Ewald's new Women's Market and Advertising Department Apollo 11 is launched with Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins, making Neil Armstrong the first man on the moon

1970 -- Explosion onboard Apollo 13 First scheduled service of the Boeing 747

1972 -- The last manned mission to the moon, Apollo 17 is completed President Nixon announces funding for the building of a reusable space shuttle

1974 -- Charles Lindbergh dies at age 72

1975 -- Apollo/Soyuz Test Project and Soyuz 19 successfully dock in Earth orbit

1977 -- Begins working for First Florida Realty Publishes book Little Stinker British Airways and Air France begin regular Concorde service from New York's JKF Airport National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launches Voyager I & II

1980 -- Jacqueline Cochran dies at age 74

1981 -- Space Shuttle Columbia launches for the first shuttle mission

1983 -- Sally Ride becomes first American woman in space

1985 -- Donates Little Stinker to NASM

1986 -- Space Shuttle Challenger explodes on take off Soviet Union launches Mir Space Station

1988 -- Inducted into International Aerobatic Hall of Fame (1st woman)

1989 -- Destruction of the Berlin Wall

1993 -- Inducted into NASCAR International Motorsports Hall of Fame (1st woman) Inducted into Florida Women's Hall of Fame

1997 -- Inducted into Women in Aviation Pioneer Hall of Fame Mars Pathfinder lands on surface of Mars

2001 -- Space Station Mir ends its 15 year life in space Inducted into Corvette Hall of Fame (1st woman) Donald A. Frankman dies

2003 -- Concorde service between the United States and Europe ends Inducted into International Council of Air Shows Foundation Hall of Fame

2005 -- Marries Allan Erde Inducted into National Aviation Hall of Fame

2008 -- Inducted into Motorsports Hall of Fame of America

8/31/2011 -- Betty dies at her home in The Villages, Florida
Provenance:
Betty Skelton, Gift, 2001
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Pitts S-1 Special  Search this
Pitts aircraft  Search this
Aeronautics -- Competitions  Search this
Airplane racing  Search this
Women air pilots  Search this
Women in aeronautics  Search this
Stunt flying  Search this
Automobile racing  Search this
Aeronautics  Search this
Licenses  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Scrapbooks
Advertisements
Clippings
Citation:
Betty Skelton Collection, NASM.2002.0002, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.2002.0002
See more items in:
Betty Skelton Collection
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2b042e943-f87d-46e2-ad47-4d2ad6077728
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-2002-0002
Online Media:

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