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Aiken -- Balcony, The

Photographer:
Wieenmann, Charlotte C.  Search this
Landscape architect:
Shipman, Ellen Biddle, 1869-1950  Search this
Architect:
Peabody, Julian  Search this
Provenance:
The Garden Club of Aiken (Aiken, South Carolina )  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Gates
Digital images
Place:
United States of America -- South Carolina -- Aiken County -- Aiken
The Balcony (Aiken, South Carolina)
Scope and Contents:
17 digital images and 1 digital file which includes a planting list and copy of Shipman's planting plan.
General:
The original 1930's garden design by landscape architect Ellen Biddle Shipman (1869-1950) still can be discerned in the mature trees and sculpted hedges of the 5.82-acre estate. The property was intended as a winter sporting retreat for the original owner so, given the economic uncertainty of the time, an ornate display of summer blooming plants was deemed unnecessary. The brick Georgian revival house built in 1930 and the landscaped grounds reflected the Country Place era – an emulation of an English country estate that would have existed for generations. The entire property is enclosed by a stucco high wall with an iron front gate and a wooden door inserted in wall in the 1950's for access to a private supper club on the adjacent property.

The level property has expansive lawns punctuated or bordered with camellias, hollies, tea olives, native magnolias and loblolly pine. Shipman defined and enclosed spaces but in a more naturalistic way on this property. Osmanthus fragrans x fortune (tea olive) border the lawn along the drive. A shaped boxwood hedge defines the walkway to the front door. Some of the varieties that were popular when the estate was planted are no longer available commercially, and a Carolina cherry laurel allée was replaced with azaleas as the original plant is invasive. Azalea drifts that flower in early spring replace the original design of viola, vinca, and spring bulbs. Crepe myrtles, nandina and magnolia grown at the entrance to the property. Behind the house there is a simple rectangular pool, a later addition but in Shipman's style. There are a dressage ring, stables, and grooms' cottages along with three paddocks on this polo player's property.
Persons associated with garden's design include: Julian Peabody (architect, 1929-1931) and Ellen Shipman (landscape architect (1930-1931).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- South Carolina -- Aiken  Search this
Allées  Search this
Hedges  Search this
Lawns  Search this
Stables  Search this
Terraces  Search this
Swimming pools  Search this
Genre/Form:
Gates
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File SC154
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / South Carolina
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6cd1cd33a-d89c-4e43-87b1-da2720a839be
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33359

The Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Archival Collection

Creator:
Moore, Harry T., 1905-1951  Search this
Moore, Harriette V., 1902-1952  Search this
Names:
Bethune-Cookman College (Daytona Beach, Fla.)  Search this
Florida Normal and Industrial Memorial College (Saint Augustine, Fla.)  Search this
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People  Search this
Pittsburgh Courier (newspaper)  Search this
Progressive Voters League  Search this
Baker, Ella, 1903-1986  Search this
Bethune, Mary McLeod, 1875-1955  Search this
Caldwell, Millard Fillmore, 1897-1984  Search this
Current, Gloster B. (Gloster Bryant), 1913-1997  Search this
Gilbert, John  Search this
Hendricks, Joseph Edward, 1903-  Search this
Holland, Spessard L. (Spessard Lindsey), 1892-1971  Search this
Houston, Charles Hamilton, Dr., 1895-1950  Search this
Humphrey, Hubert  Search this
Kennedy, Stetson  Search this
Marshall, Thurgood, 1908-1993  Search this
Mathews, John E., 1892 - 1955  Search this
Moore, J. Evangeline, 1930-2015  Search this
Warren, Fuller, 1905-1973  Search this
Watson, J. Thomas, 1885 - 1954  Search this
White, Walter, 1893-1955 (President, N.A.A.C.P)  Search this
Williams, Franklin Hall, 1917 - 1990  Search this
Extent:
1 Cubic foot
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Correspondence
Place:
United States of America -- Florida -- Brevard County -- Cocoa
United States of America -- Florida -- Lake County -- Groveland
United States of America -- Florida -- Brevard County -- Mims
United States of America -- Florida -- Brevard County
United States of America -- Florida -- Brevard County -- Titusville
United States of America -- Florida -- Seminole County -- Sanford
Date:
bulk 1945-1949
Summary:
Harry T. Moore was a pioneering civil rights activist, educator, and civic leader. The collection was originally housed in a formerly "lost" briefcase that was found in 2006 by FBI investigators. The materials in this collection focus on his activities as a civil rights activist and community leader who sought to advocate for pay equity, voting rights, and justice reform for African American communities in Florida. Harry Moore and his wife Harriette were murdered for their work and they have been immortalized as the Civil Rights Movement's first martyrs.
Scope and Contents:
The Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Archival Collection chronicles Harry Moore's career in civil rights and education that ultimately led to his and his wife's murder. The materials in this collection were originally located in Harry T. Moore's briefcase and are dated from 1942 to 1949. The collection contains correspondence, memoranda, business records, ephemera, and newspaper clippings. The bulk of the material reflects Moore's work as a community leader working with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Progressive Voters League (PVL). The materials include original typed correspondence to and from Harry T. Moore as well as mimeographed letters that were saved for recordkeeping purposes.

The briefcase and Moore's wallet (part of the NMAAHC Collection) were found by Harriette Moore's brother, George Simms, after the firebombing of the Moore's home on Christmas night in 1951. Both were given to the local authorities for the investigation. The briefcase was lost during the initial 1951-1952 investigations. It was found in 2006 by FBI Investigators in a barn close to the Moore's former home. The investigation was closed the same year and the briefcase and its contents were returned to the family. J. Evangeline Moore served as the steward of the collection, lending out materials to various organizations, journalists, writers, and filmmakers over the years to educate the masses about her father's work and her parents' legacy. This work continued until her death in 2015. This collection and related Moore family heirlooms were donated to the National Museum of African American History and Culture in 2013 and 2018, respectively.
Arrangement:
This archival collection does not include all the materials originally located in the briefcase. Materials from this collection were used during investigations as well as historical displays, documentaries, and various educational presentations. Research revealed that various materials were misplaced or lost. The FBI investigators originally located the briefcase in 2006 and they organized and rehoused the materials for better preservation. According to the 2006 investigation report, the investigators organized the documents in alphabetical order but arranged them as they were discovered within Harry T. Moore's filing system. His filing system was based on keeping documents together in envelopes that pertain to the same subject.

The NMAAHC Archives Team kept the subject and proximal context of the materials together. To further preserve this original arrangement and sustain the collection, materials were separated by format and then by subject, keeping those with similar dates and subjects together.
Biographical / Historical:
Harry Tyson Moore was born on November 18, 1905 to Stephen John "Johnny" Moore and Rosalea "Rosa" Tyson Moore in Houston, Florida. After his father's death in 1914, Moore was sent to live with his maternal aunts in Daytona Beach, Florida. He attended Florida Normal and Industrial Memorial Institute, at the time a high school and junior college, where he graduated with a teaching degree in 1924. He immediately began his first teaching position at the segregated Monroe Elementary School in Cocoa, Florida.

Harriette Vyda Sims was born on June 19, 1902 in West Palm Beach, Florida to David and Annie Simms. Harriette was an insurance agent at Atlanta Life Insurance Company, a prominent Black-owned company, working out of Cocoa, Florida when she met Harry. Harry was also working at Atlanta Life to supplement his meager salary from teaching. Harry and Harriette married on Christmas Day in 1926. To establish themselves, the newlyweds moved in with Harriette's family in Mims, Florida. They had two daughters, Annie, born 1928, and Juanita (Evangeline), born 1930.

The couple enrolled together at the Daytona Normal Industrial Institute, later renamed the Bethune-Cookman College (BCC) after a merger of local African American schools. Harriette earned associate and bachelor's degrees in education in 1941 and 1950 respectively. Harry earned a bachelor's degree in education in 1936. Both Evangeline and Annie attended BCC as well. Annie served as an assistant to Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune.

From 1927-1936, Harry served as a teacher and eventual principal of Titusville Colored Junior High School. Harriette was a teacher and lunch lady at various elementary schools in the area. Troubled by the inequities and lack of educational resources available to African Americans, Harry started the Brevard County chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1934. He established the organization with the help of the all-black Florida State Teacher's Association and the support of civil rights lawyer Thurgood Marshall.

In 1937, Moore was involved in a lawsuit regarding teacher pay equality. In Florida, White teachers received a monthly salary of $50 while African American teachers had a base salary of $20. This was the first civil rights case of its kind in the South. Moore's good friend John Gilbert, the principal of the junior high school, served as the plaintiff. The case, Gilbert v. Board of Public Instruction of Brevard County, was lost as many African American teachers were afraid to publicly endorse the case, fearing repercussions. This proved correct as Gilbert and Moore were both fired because of their activism. The Florida Supreme Court dismissed the petition stating that Brevard County was not legally required to change salary schedules based on pay because schools used individual contracts with the teachers. This case laid the foundation for several successful pay equality cases including McDaniel v. Board of Public Instruction in 1941 and County Teachers Association v. the Board of Public Instruction for the County of Marion and Broward in 1942.

Fighting for pay equity for teachers and educational civil rights took Harry and Harriette around the state, organizing and mobilizing community members. In 1936, the Moores took on new positions at the segregated Mims Elementary School and continued their involvement in organizing civil rights cases throughout Florida. In 1941, Harry was appointed the president of the Florida State Conference for the NAACP and later became the executive secretary for the Florida branch. In 1944, Smith v. Allwright ruled that it was unconstitutional for the Democratic Party to limit its membership to White people. This gave Harry the impetus to establish the Progressive Voters League (PVL), a partisan political action group in 1946. Harry believed that African Americans should have the power to vote for whomever is best for their community. Harry kept his work with the PVL separate from his work with the NAACP, despite his leadership role in both. Within a few years of PVL's establishment, there were 100,000 registered eligible African American voters in the state. For the first time in Florida's history, African American citizens were organized and poised to change the outcome of elections. In 1946, this work cost Harry and Harriette their positions at Mims Elementary School. Fortunately, the NAACP, grateful for all of Harry's years of voluntary service, named him the NAACP's first full-time paid executive secretary. Both daughters assisted in creating NAACP Youth Council for the chapter as well.

Harry fought against the gruesome lynching and rampant police brutality taking place in Florida. In 1937, he started investigating cases himself and took an active role in pursuing justice in several unsolved lynching cases around Florida. He regularly sent correspondence about voting rights and lynching to state legislators, the governor, congressmen and even the president. In 1949, Moore became very involved in the national case, State of Florida v. Samuel Shepherd, Walter L. Irvin, Charles Greenlee, and Ernest E. Thomas, commonly known as the Groveland Rape case. Four young African American men were accused of raping a white woman, Norma Padgett. The sheriff of the area, Willis V. McCall rallied a mob of 1,000 local men to locate the accused. Ernest Thomas was killed during pursuit after being shot 400 times by the mob. Shepherd, Irvin, and Greenlee were beaten and coerced into confessing to the crime, only Irvin refused. The trio were immediately convicted by an all-white jury. Shephard and Irvin were sentenced to death while Greenlee, a minor, was sentenced to life in prison. In 1951, Harry and the NAACP legal team appealed the case before the United States Supreme Court. The Court ruled the men were not given a fair trial and sent the case back for retrial at the lower court. In November of 1951, while transporting Shepherd and Irvin back to the county prison for the retrial, Sheriff McCall shot the handcuffed men, killing Shepherd and seriously injuring Irvin. Moore launched an aggressive campaign to have McCall removed from his position and indicted for his involvement in the deaths. He wrote letters to President Truman, the governor, congressmen and several state and county legislators about McCall and the case. Many historians believe Moore's involvement in this case led to his murder only six weeks later. In 2019, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis issued the Groveland Four a posthumous pardon.

On December 25, 1951, both Christmas and the Moore's 25th wedding anniversary, a bomb exploded under their home, directly below the Moore's bedroom. Harry died on the way to the hospital. His funeral took place on January 2, 1952 to a crowd of 3,500, according to Ebony magazine. The following day, January 3, Harriette died from the injuries she sustained in the bombing. Her funeral took place on January 8, where NAACP leader Roy Wilkins spoke eloquently about the Moores and how their work will not be forgotten. The Moores are often called the first martyrs of the 1950s Civil Rights Movement.

The world quickly took note of Harry and Harriet's murders. Newspapers around the world criticized the U.S. for its treatment of African American citizens. The murders were discussed on the floor of the United Nations and the halls of Congress. There were many investigations at the time of the bombing, but the perpetrators were not found. The case was reopened in 1978, but again no charges were filed. In 2004-2006, the investigation was again reopened and led to the conclusion that the murders were conducted by the Central Florida Klu Klux Klan. The men believed responsible were Earl J. Brooklyn, Tillman H. Belvin, Joseph N. Cox, and Edward L. Spivey. However, all the men had died by this time, therefore no one was ever charged for the Moores' murder.

Evangeline was extremely involved in the investigation and worked directly with the attorney general. By the mid-1990s, Evangeline began to take a public role in preserving the memory of her family's contributions to the Civil Rights Movement. In 1995, she helped organize the Harry T. Moore and Harriette V. Moore Homesite Development Committee, a non-profit organization that raised money for an educational site dedicated to celebrating the life and work of the Moores. In 2004, Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park opened, featuring a museum, the original Moore homesite, and a 12-acre park. There are annual celebrations held in the second week of December in Mims, honoring the Moore family's sacrifices for human rights. In 2015, the Florida State Senate adopted resolution SR1638, "Remembering the outstanding contributions of pioneer leaders and martyrs Harriette Vyda Simms Moore and Harry T. Moore in commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Voting Rights Act, etc." In October 2015, Evangeline passed away in New Carrolton, Maryland.

Historical Timeline

1902 -- Harriette V. Simms was born in West Palm Beach, Florida to David I. Simms and Annie Warren Simms.

1905 -- Harry Tyson Moore was born in Houston, Florida to Stephen John "Johnny" Moore and Rosa Tyson Moore.

1914-1916 -- Johnny Moore died. Rosa Moore sent Harry to Daytona Beach, Florida to stay with family because of financial difficulties. Harry and his maternal aunts moved to Jacksonville, Florida for better educational opportunities.

1919 -- Moore returned to Houston, Florida and began the high school program at Florida Normal and Industrial Memorial Institute. He graduated with a teaching degree in 1924.

1925 -- Harry earned his teaching certificate and immediately began teaching position at the segregated Monroe Elementary School in Cocoa, Florida.

1926 -- Harry and Harriette wed on Christmas.

1927 -- The Moore newlyweds moved in with Harriette's parents. Harry began teaching at the Titusville Colored Junior High School in Titusville, Florida.

1928 -- Annie Rosa Moore was born. In the fall, Harriette began working as a teacher at Mims Colored Elementary School in Mims, Florida.

1930 -- [Juanita] Evangeline Moore was born. Harry began taking correspondence courses at the University of Florida.

1931 -- Harry and his family move into their own home in Mims, Florida.

1934 -- Harry founded the Brevard County chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

1936 -- Harry graduated from Bethune-Cookman College (BCC) with a normal degree in education. In the fall, Harry became a teacher and the principal of Mims Colored Elementary School.

1938 -- In March, Attorney S.D. McGill filed a lawsuit for pay equality with Cocoa Junior School principal John Gilbert as the plaintiff. The case was dismissed in June.

1939 -- The appeal case of Gilbert v. Board of Public Instruction of Brevard County was dismissed. The case was represented by NAACP Legal Counsel, Thurgood Marshall.

1941 -- Harry organized and served as president of the Florida State Conference of the NAACP. Harriette graduated from Bethune-Cookman College with a teaching degree.

1944 -- Harry founded the Progressive Voters League as a political partisan action group in opposition to the NAACP non-partisan stance.

1946 -- As a result of his civil rights work and activism, Harry and Harriette lost their teaching positions at Mims Elementary School.

1947 -- Evangeline enrolled in BCC. Harry became the NAACP's first fully paid executive secretary of the Brevard County chapter.

1948 -- Harriette began teaching at the Lake Park Colored School in Palm Beach County, Florida.

1950 -- Harriette graduated from BCC with a B.S. in science.

1951 -- Harry graduated with a B.A. from BCC in August. December 25: The Moore's home is firebombed. Harry passed away right before midnight.

1952 -- January 1: Funeral of Harry T. Moore. Jannuary 3: Harriette died from injuries sustained in bombing. January 8: Funeral of Harriette V. Moore. The NAACP awarded the Spingarn medal to Harry T. Moore; his mother Rosa accepted it on his behalf. Evangeline married Drapher Pagan, Sr. Drapher "Skip" Pagan, Jr. is born the following year.

1955 -- The FBI officially closed the Moore homicide investigation case.

1972 -- Annie R. Moore Hampton died suddenly and was buried in Ocala, Florida.

1978 -- The Moore case was reopened but no charges were filed.

1985 -- Creation of the Harry T. Moore Social Service Center in Titusville, Florida.

1991 -- Florida's Governor Lawton Chiles ordered the reopening of the Moores' homicide case; no charges were filed.

1993-1998 -- The Brevard County Board of County Commissioners purchased the Moore homesite to be used as a memorial to the slain couple and created The Harry T. Moore Homesite Development Committee. The Florida State Legislature awarded $700,000 for development of the 10-acre Harry T. Moore Memorial Homesite in Mims, Florida.

1999 -- Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Memorial Homesite Historical Marker is unveiled.

2002 -- Brevard County Court Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Justice Center opened.

2003-2004 -- An archeological survey of Moore family home led to an investigation. The Florida State Attorney General Charlie Crist reopened the Moore homicide investigation. The Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Cultural Complex is completed.

2006 -- Attorney General Crist concluded that the perpetrators were four men from the Central Florida Klu Klux Klan. They had all died by this time, so no charges were filed.

2012-2013 -- The post office in Cocoa, Florida was renamed was named in honor of Harry T. and Harriette Moore by an Act of Congress: Public Law 112-243. Harry and Harriette were inducted in the Florida Civil Rights Hall of Fame.

2015 -- Evangeline Moore died in New Carrolton, Maryland.

2019 -- The Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park and Museum was added to U.S. Civil Rights Trail.

2021 -- Brevard County School Board passed a resolution acknowledging the Moore's unjust firings.
Provenance:
Acquired as a gift from Drapher "Skip" Pagan, Jr. in memory of Juanita Evangeline Moore.

The Museum acquired two personal watches, a locket, and 26 textual documents pertaining to Harry and Harriette Moore (2013.157) from Juanita Evangeline Moore in 2013. These materials are viewable via Smithsonian Collections Search. The Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Archival Collection was acquired through a donation from the Moores' grandson, Drapher "Skip" Pagan, Jr. in 2018.
Restrictions:
The NMAAHC Archives can provide reproductions of some materials for research and educational use. Copyright and right to publicity restrictions apply and limit reproduction for other purposes.
Rights:
The copyright law of the United States (title 17, United States Code) governs the making reproductions of copyrighted material. Any reproductions of these materials are not to be used for any purpose other than research or educational use.
Topic:
Education  Search this
Civil rights  Search this
Activism  Search this
Hate crimes  Search this
Race discrimination  Search this
Resistance  Search this
Segregation  Search this
Groveland Four Trial, Groveland, Fla., 1949-1952  Search this
American South  Search this
Black people -- Press coverage  Search this
Justice  Search this
Race relations  Search this
Social justice  Search this
Lynching  Search this
Violence  Search this
United States -- History -- 1945-1953  Search this
Suffrage  Search this
Politics  Search this
Families  Search this
Law  Search this
Associations, institutions, etc.  Search this
Genre/Form:
Correspondence
Citation:
Harry T. And Harriette V. Moore Archival Collection, 1942-1949. National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NMAAHC.A2018.12
See more items in:
The Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore Archival Collection
Archival Repository:
National Museum of African American History and Culture
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/io39fe77a2e-3542-4a8b-add7-006d9625fb9e
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmaahc-a2018-12

Greenwich -- Jefferson-Ebert House and Garden

Photographer:
Lazarus, Liz  Search this
Garden designer:
Hayward, Gordon  Search this
Owner:
Ryder, Beth  Search this
Michael, Tierney  Search this
Landscape architect:
Kendra, Masicioli  Search this
Architect:
Blake, Theodore E.  Search this
Provenance:
Hortulus Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
United States of America -- Connecticut -- Fairfield County -- Greenwich
Jefferson-Ebert House and Garden (Greenwich, Connecticut)
Scope and Contents:
22 digital images (2019-2020) and 1 digital file folder.
General:
The original six-acre farm had a small 1843 or earlier house done in the Greek Revival style that was expanded and altered in 1905 in the Colonial Revival style by architect Theodore E. Blake, for artists Charles and Mary Roberts Ebert. The current owners acquired the house with 1.61 acres in 1993, then renovated the house and landscape from 2008 until 2010. Projects for the gardens, formal and secluded, included defining sight lines, renovating old stone walls and building new ones, creating paths, and mass plantings of deer resistant materials. They attached a greenhouse with radiant floor heating to the house for houseplants, tropicals and seedlings. When the greenhouse floor is dampened the humidity spreads into the house. Custom built, the greenhouse has details that repeat white-shingled Colonial Revival style.

Some mature trees and shrubs dot the property, including kousa dogwood near the front wall and gate, sugar maple, shagbark hickory, red oak and cryptomeria, stewartia, holly and viburnum. There was one remaining rose from the garden of former owner Jane Righter, honored posthumously with a medal by the Garden Club of America. A variety of hardy ferns were planted around the foundation of the house. The small fieldstone patio to one side is shaded by a beech with underplanting of ginger, trillium and hellebore. There is a small fountain on the patio and an herb garden nearby. In view are woodlands and a brook with a spillway that once fed a sawmill. A bluestone walkway in front of the house is bordered by boxwood and a spring display of bulbs including allium. Pea gravel paths lead to outbuildings, including an old stone spring house and a bright red barn/potting shed. A fenced potager produces seasonal vegetables, roses, bulbs and annual flowers. On a small slope there is a spring display of daffodils and hyacinths backed by forsythia. An old maple with a circular bench looks onto a shady garden of fern, hellebore, tiarella, ornamental grass, trillium, and Japanese woodland peonies

A circle within a square sundial garden behind the house has dwarf black mundo grass in the corners of the cobblestone and pea stone paving, with an old English sundial in the center. Another circular feature is the old fieldstone-lined well with a wrought iron wellhead. An allée of English oak has a lower layer of boxwood and ground level layer planted with epimedium, geranium and amsonia. At the end there is a semi-circular ring of trees overlooking a pergola draped in native trumpet vine. Containers on stone walls, steps and driveway pillars have seasonal plants for year-round appeal.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Gordon Hayward (garden designer, circa 2010); Kendra Masicioli (sundial garden, 2013); Mary Hope Lewis Ford (horticulturist/conservationist, 1956-1965); Jane Righter (rosarian, 1925-1941).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Connecticut -- Greenwich  Search this
Formal gardens  Search this
Vegetable gardening  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File CT874
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Connecticut
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb601c4e6e6-9d89-4fd7-b4a0-18674e7e17d2
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33368

Dartmouth -- Levin Garden

Former owner:
Milman, Harry  Search this
Milman, Ada  Search this
Landscaper:
Van Der Pol, Marius  Search this
Medeiros, Eduardo  Search this
Architect:
Tafel, Edgar  Search this
Krosinsky, Marvin  Search this
Frauwirth, Martin  Search this
Sculptor:
Turnbull, William  Search this
King, William  Search this
Newman, Howard  Search this
Jajac, Jeff  Search this
Landscape designer:
Haskell, Allen C.  Search this
Horticulturist:
Haskell, Allen C.  Search this
Provenance:
Garden Club of Buzzards Bay  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Levin Garden (Dartmouth, Massachusetts)
United States of America -- Massachusetts -- Bristol County -- Dartmouth
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes a list of slides and worksheet.
General:
"There is an enclosed rose garden, shade garden and serpentine lawns surrounding the house. The house was designed by an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright. Stone walls set off species of daylilies. There is an natural pond area and outdoor sculpture."
The garden won the 1995 Gold Medal Visiting Garden Award from the Massachusetts Horicultural Society.
Persons associated with the property include: Harry and Ada Milman (former owners, 1946-1971); Marius Van Der Pol (landscaper, 1947); Eduardo Medeiros (landscaper, 1971); Edgar Tafel (architect, 1946); Allen C. Haskell (landscape designer and horticulturist, 1971-1979); Marvin Krosinsky (architect, 1971); Martin Frauwirth (architect, 1971); William Turnbull (sculptor); William King (sculptor); Howard Newman (sculptor); and Jeff Jajac (sculptor).
Related Materials:
Levin Garden related holdings consist of 1 folder (16 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Massachusetts -- Dartmouth  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File MA154
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Massachusetts
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6e4a45439-adb8-418e-9e34-8941535aef07
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref17598

Ogunquit -- Mayfair Garden

Photographer:
Melchor, Allyson  Search this
Landscape architect:
Gillespie, Louesa  Search this
Consultant:
Mace, Martin  Search this
Provenance:
Piscataqua Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
United States of America -- Maine -- York County -- Ogunquit
Mayfair Garden (Ogunquit, Maine)
Scope and Contents:
19 digital images (2023) and 1 file folder.
General:
The 2/3-acre property was overgrown but had towering trees that would be saved and woven into a complex tapestry in a landscape with challenges: dry shade and a downward slope behind the house. The property had passed down in one family from 1897 until 1960, and when the current owners acquired it in 1964 they modernized the entrance to the house, added decks and a brick terrace, and built an outbuilding modeled on a Japanese teahouse. The owner studied and became a landscape architect in 1979 and was inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright and Roberto Burl Marx to integrate the garden and the house. A deck off an upper level faces tall trees and a 120-year-old climbing hydrangea is draped over a pergola on the brick terrace. Finding the existing plants were best adapted to the heavy clay soil they nonetheless have worked in about ninety varieties of native and cultivated trees and shrubs. Perennials and spring bulbs are underplanted in freeform beds with winding pathways, and ground cover plants including invasive goutweed have replaced underperforming grass lawns.

The teahouse was used by growing children for sleep overs, and to entertain friends. It has its own garden with ferns, iris, daylilies, Japanese weeping cherry, kousa dogwood, conifers, and a footbridge over a recirculating stream and fishpond. A bamboo grove is contained by sunken metal barriers that go more than a foot into the ground. Ground covers in the teahouse garden include silver lace, lily of the valley, vinca and mosses.

Statues and sculptures are placed to denote different rooms in this woodland garden. The plant selection, especially perennials, bulbs and flowering azalea and rhododendron add pops of color throughout the year. To maintain the garden a mixture of compost, cow manure and evergreen fertilizer is applied throughout in early May, with bulb booster included where needed.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Louesa Gillespie (1962- ) and Martin Mace, consultant (1962-1977).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Maine -- Ogunquit  Search this
Woodland gardens  Search this
Tea gardens  Search this
Gardening in the shade  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File ME077
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Maine
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb63b553027-b29f-4388-81ce-93955fccfc6f
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref31909

Litchfield -- Ethan Allen Garden

Photographer:
Stoner, Diane B.  Search this
Oneglia, Ellen  Search this
Patterson, Marla J.  Search this
Owner:
Hinkel, Paul R.  Search this
Hinkel, Jane B.  Search this
Landscape designer:
LaFontaine, Rosalind Spring  Search this
Provenance:
Litchfield Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
United States of America -- Connecticut -- Litchfield -- Litchfield
Ethan Allen Garden (Litchfield, Connecticut)
Scope and Contents:
14 digital images (2017, 2023) and 1 file (digital) folder.
General:
The gambrel-roofed house built in 1736, reputed to be the birthplace of Ethan Allen in 1738, has been enlarged by many owners since then, and the sloping 1.41 acres garden always has presented challenges for ornamental presentation. Parterres with roses and perennials were established by garden designer Rosaline Spring LaFontaine in 1956. The current owners acquired the property in 1982, then in 2003 redesigned and planted a formal garden with French influences. These include extensive hedges, defined flower beds, a tea house as a focal point, and an unstructured hedge of forsythia, birdhouse and secret garden at the southern edge of the slope. At the eastern edge nine Norway spruce were planted to buffer noise from a nearby highway

Directly behind the house on the most level area there are two cutting gardens bisected by a stone path. An allée of crabapples leads down the slope that culminates in the teahouse designed by the owner who is an architect. Clipped boxwood hedges with curved corners were arrayed symmetrically to emphasize the axis of the garden and, at the same time, diminish the visual impact of the slope. The formal character of the garden is seen in the four lilac standards that flank the main path. Other plants include seven varieties of daylilies, five varieties of hostas, three hydrangeas, spikes of baptisa and ligularia, large alliums, Joe Pye weed, rhododendron and azalea.

Recently most of the shrubs in the boxwood parterres succumbed to infectious leaf minor blight and had to be removed. Other boxwood hedges remain. Features include tuteurs and an antique planted urn. One permanent feature of this garden, in a corner, is the stone incinerator from the 18th century when the property was a working farm.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Rosaline Spring LaFontaine (landscape designer, 1956), Paul Hinkel (architect, 2003) and Jane and Paul Hinkel (owners, 1982-2023).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Connecticut -- Litchfield  Search this
Formal gardens  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File CT335
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Connecticut
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb61b7664fc-77c8-4310-86ac-16694dc55f48
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33361

Philadelphia -- Stonehurst Revisited

Provenance:
Wissahickon Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
United States of America -- Pennslyvania -- Philadelphia County -- Philadelphia
Stonehurst Revisited (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)
Scope and Contents:
40 digital images and 1 digitla file.
Varying Form:
Henry Garden, formerly known as.
General:
Naturalistic Wissahikcon Style woodland garden created on remnants of an Olmsted Brothers design, including pergolas, koi ponds, and schist rock walls.

Person associated with the garden's design include: Nina Schneider (Garden designer, mid 2005–2020) and Heidi Schusterman (Landscape Architect, 2018- 2020).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File PA378
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Pennsylvania
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6d25bbf6b-7faf-4c91-b1c9-e85475d8fe2c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33360

Philadelphia -- St. Andrews

Landscape architect:
Farley, Alice Hamilton  Search this
Architect:
Farley, Richard J.  Search this
Provenance:
Wissahickon Garden Club  Search this
Photographer:
Farley, Richard J.  Search this
Farley, Alice Hamilton  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
St. Andrews (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)
United States of America -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia County -- Philadelphia
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes worksheets and a write-up of the property's history.
General:
In 1978 a landscape architect and architect began clearing their 2/3-acre lot, formerly part of a golf course that had gone to invasive weeds and weed trees. Four red oak, two American beech, a tulip and three green ash that remained were the start of their garden, along with bushels of daffodils and many dogwood planted to hold the sloping ground while the modern style house was built. The landscape style of the mostly shady garden includes hundreds of trees and shrubs and thousands of smaller plants allowing the owner to experiment for her business while creating an environment for her family. Wissahickon schist is their native stone that, when mixed with composted forest duff and left to decompose, provides rich loam. Larger stones were used to build steps to navigate steep slopes. After the garden matured both disease and natural events took a toll, forcing redesign.

Two mature oaks in front of the house succumbed to oak scorch and obscure scale and were removed, exposing the underlying shade garden to new conditions. A grove of birch was planted successfully that shades the understory and ground level garden. In 2011 an L-shaped unheated lap pool was installed down a slope amid a landscaped garden, with only a Franklinia lost. Deer and groundhog co-exist with the owners with some measures taken to deter them. Vigorous foliage growth is controlled by pruning from May to September to keep walkways and stairs open, to let in light, maximize flower production, and modify shapes and sizes in a natural garden design. In June 2020 a derecho uprooted two huge oak, an American beech, and a huge mature ash near the lower perimeter and dumped them on the neighbor's yard and house. Within six weeks the newly open area was cleared and replanted with an arc of sweet bay magnolia around a small terrace as well as native shrubs and grasses planted down another slope. The garden is so full that new plantings only can replace, not extend. The owners are introducing more native plants and minimizing spraying and non-natural pest control.

More than thirty varieties of exotic trees are planted at Saint Andrews including six different dogwood, six varieties of maple, dove tree, two types of magnolia, and two varieties of cryptomeria. Shrubs include dwarf needleleaf evergreens, more than twenty varieties of holly including miniatures, at least thirty rhododendron cultivars, at least forty azalea cultivars, daphne, aralia, paperbush, and more. There are more than twenty different clematis, too. A stone sculpture from South Africa and several statues and columns are placed around the garden.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Alice C. H. Farley and Richard J. Farley
Related Materials:
57 digital images (2004-2009; 2017, 2020-2023) and 2 file folders (1 digital).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia  Search this
Landscape gardening  Search this
Gardening in the shade  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File PA683
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Pennsylvania
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6531216d1-7022-4c25-8f14-11de8b843be9
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref16536

Asheville -- Brown Hill Gardens

Photographer:
Lockwood, A.  Search this
Brown, Karen K.  Search this
Morgan, Katrina  Search this
Owner:
Brown, Elizabeth  Search this
Brown, Kemper  Search this
Provenance:
The French Broad River Garden Club Foundation  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Brown Hill Gardens (Asheville, North Carolina)
United States of America -- North Carolina -- Buncombe County -- Asheville
Scope and Contents:
44 digital images (2021-2023) and 1 file folder (digital).
General:
Brown Hill Gardens was an undeveloped rural site in 1983 when the owners began a journey of art, science, and living, first by siting their house on a knoll near a mature white oak in the middle of their 7-1/2 acres. The land sloped upwards from the road, with woodlands, masses of rhododendron and proliferating wildflowers that they wanted to leave undisturbed as much as possible. With new projects every few years the property has become less rustic and more sophisticated with stonework replacing walls and steps made from railroad ties and gravel paths with steppingstones replacing mulch. They've added another ten acres and cultivate about two acres surrounding the house with 15 acres of managed native woodlands. Every time a construction project left disturbed or newly uncovered areas the soil has been supplemented with rock phosphate and organic material for one season before new planting. The owners were determined to save as many native plants as possible, moving rhododendron maximum, mountain laurel and ferns from the woods to supplement hollies, leucothoe, yew and pieris around the foundation of the house.

A survey of the property discovered yellow lady's slipper, trillium, trailing arbutus, black cohosh, crested iris, monkshood, trout lilies, bellwort, and Jack-in-the-pulpit natives. A shady perennial bed was planted with creeping phlox, cardinal flower, columbine, astilbe, fern and hosta. A fruit and vegetable garden was planted in 1990 with apples, peaches, blueberries, raspberries, grapes, strawberries, asparagus and annual vegetables. The perennials were phased out in favor of thinning out and limbing up some of the native trees, which include hawthorne, dogwood, sourwood, poplar and oak, and adding specimen conifers, trees and shrubs that can be viewed from the house and deck or from strolling paths. Wildflowers persist as the understory. Every few years there was a new construction project followed by a new garden.

The house is approached from a 1000-foot winding drive with a chipseal finish on brown Tennessee pea gravel. Alongside there are thickets of rhododendron with native moss on the shoulders that is carefully maintained. Additional planting includes Japanese maple, winter honeysuckle, hellebore, witch hazel and Florida anise. A bank of leucothoe above the drive was cleared out for a new terrace and fire pit, an outdoor gathering place during the pandemic and a new sunny garden for dwarf conifers, dwarf Japanese maples, and other specimen plants. Change has been a constant in the garden journey: the front foundation bed has been redesigned three times, the perennial bed has been renovated four times, and the vegetable/fruit garden was moved when an outbuilding was added. The gardens also yield relics from native Americans.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Robert Ulrey (landscape designer, foundation garden, 1983-1987); Kirk Alexander (patio garden designer, 2003-2004); Hunter Stubbs (north garden designer, 2006); Kathryn Writesel (maintenance and design, 2006-2013); Elizabeth Brown (maintenance and design, 2006- ).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Asheville  Search this
Native plant gardens  Search this
Woodland gardens  Search this
Vegetable gardening  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File NC124
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6646afef3-bca6-489a-a2bb-6ce256990632
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33365

Newport -- Indian Spring

Photographer:
Whitney, Kate Lucey (Kathryn Lucey)  Search this
Olmsted, Frederick Law, 1822-1903  Search this
Hunt, Richard Morris  Search this
Provenance:
Newport Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
United States of America -- Rhode Island -- New Port County -- Newport
Indian Spring (Newport, Rhode Island)
Scope and Contents:
39 digital images (2015, 2022-2023) and 1 file folder (digital).
General:
The rusticated native granite and brownstone house built in 1893 has been described as an organic extension of its natural situation, following the dictum of the property's landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted to respect the genius of place. The house sits on a 30-foot-high cliff facing south toward the Atlantic Ocean. It was designed by architect Richard Morris Hunt in a late French gothic style, to emulate architect H.H. Richardson who died before working on this commission. Olmsted participated in determining the style and siting of the house then designed a landscape garden that the current owners are recreating on the eight and one-half acre property.

The house was restored by previous owners after 40 years of neglect, but the garden was overgrown with vines, nightshade, juniper and bittersweet with trees growing through roofs and turrets. After researching Olmsted's original planting list (eliminating plants now considered invasive) and visiting other Olmsted and Capability Brown landscapes the owners who bought the property in 2009 planted large trees and shrubs, restored walkways, and rescued pieris japonica and rhododendron from the original landscape. The owners installed a new gate and changed the driveway from asphalt to gravel with cobblestone edging. They have created a large garden bed and landscaped borders, choosing plants that either withstand salt spray and wind from the ocean or hotter summer microclimates from rock outcroppings. The full-size specimen trees required heavy machinery to plant in place.

The estate was named after a spring on the property, and possibly a legend involving the murder of an Indian maiden drowned in a well. An historic stone bollard alongside the driveway known as the babbling brook produces a tinkling sound when pebbles are dropped over it. Future gardens plans include more borders, decorative elements, and possibly an orchard if deer and rabbit predations can be controlled.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Frederick Law Olmsted, Landscape Architect (1890-1893); James Thompson, head gardener (1893-1922); Joseph Silveria, head gardener (1922-1951).
Related Materials:
Frederick Law Olmsted Historic Site, Brookline, Massachusetts.
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Rhode Island -- Newport  Search this
Landscape gardens  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File RI216
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Rhode Island
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb62814cb8c-6bb3-419d-9fe6-f0387c4e87d8
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33366

Seattle -- Skywatch-Bain Condo Garden

Creator:
Bain, Nancy Hill  Search this
Landscape architect:
Nichols, Shannon  Search this
Architect:
Bain, Bill  Search this
Sculptor:
Millet, Peter  Search this
Provenance:
Seattle Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
United States of America -- Washington -- King County -- Seattle
Skywatch-Bain Condo Garden (Seattle, Washington)
Scope and Contents:
16 digital images (2022-2023) and 1 file folder.
General:
The terrace garden, on the 16th floor of the mixed-use condominium building designed by the architect owner, is meticulous in every detail of plant and hardscape selections. Plants must be able to withstand cold and high winds and all day south and west exposure, plus 95 percent of the plants grow in containers. On the terrace there are two mature Japanese maples that have been repotted four times in containers that all match but are in graduated sizes. Boxwood and euonymus hedges are pruned once each year to a desired height. A zinc frame trellis supports a vertical garden of English ivy. A large container garden, the signature bed, is designed to change with the seasons, with spring hellebores, snowdrop and narcissus followed by Duchess de Nemours peony then ornamental grasses. There are three garden rooms: the terrace with a water feature, the west garden, and the conservatory dining room. The west garden features containers of lavender, sedums, holly, arbutus, and more with staggered heights that disguise any supports or fixtures when viewed from indoors. The third conservatory garden features palms.

The residence and gardens were built in 1988, then the waterproof liner on the terrace needed replacing in 2013 when the current garden was installed. Irrigation tubing runs between pavers and under the planters. Wiring for outdoor lighting is hidden, and the living wall of ivy is self-watering. The owners integrated Feng Shui elements of water, earth, fire and metal into the new garden, which comprises 0.08 acres. Views and access to the outdoors are equally important to their choices

Persons associated with the garden's design: Shannon Nichols/GGN Landscape Architect (2013); Colton Wilkie, plant specialist (2016- ).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Washington (State) -- Seattle  Search this
Container gardening  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File WA066
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Washington
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6226e84f0-5e7a-4914-8ee7-21d0606e4e1d
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33367

Arch Cape -- Hieronimus Garden

Former owner:
Astbury, Robert  Search this
Shank, J. M.  Search this
Price, Kent  Search this
Stith, Eleanor  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Hieronimus Garden (Arch Cape, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Clatsop County -- Arch Cape
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes a worksheet and abbreviated garden plan, detailed plans for the entire garden and the garden railroad, a plant list, and a photocopy of an article about the garden.
General:
This small garden near the sea has been under development since 1990. The main garden is in the informal Pacific Northwest style, using native plants combined with non-natives. The plants include those known to do well near the sea and experiments with others of unknown salt tolerance. The front of the house has a foundation planting of various Rhododendron yakushimanum hybrids, and there is a large collection of hydrangeas, both species and hybrids, many of which were propagated by the owner. A moon-gated arbor, copied from one in an old Chinese garden, leads to the enclosed portion of the garden and the prime attraction: the garden railroad. It is a miniature landscape featuring rocky cliffs and ravines, roads, bridges, dry-laid and mortared rock retaining walls, alpine plants, and dwarf conifers as a setting for scale model (1:24) buildings and a G scale train, which is battery operated and radio controlled. In addition to a steady stream of individuals, the garden has been visited by the Rock Garden Society, the American Conifer Society, numerous garden clubs, and landscaping and gardening classes. The garden is open to visitors by appointment.
Persons associated with the garden include: Robert Astbury (former owner, mid-1800s); J. M. Shank (former owner, 1932-1945); Kent Price (former owner, 1945-?); and Eleanor Stith (former owner, ca. 1970).
Related Materials:
Hieronimus Garden related holdings consist of 1 folder (18 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Arch Cape.  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR040
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6c62ff66b-2160-444d-b240-2b4b678afa21
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10111

Arch Cape -- Untitled Garden in Arch Cape, Oregon

Former owner:
Hurd, George  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Untitled Garden (Arch Cape, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Clatsop County -- Arch Cape
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes a worksheet and a garden plan.
General:
Under development since 1976, this garden's gradual construction and evolution have resulted in a collection of borders and rock gardens informally planned, constructed, and changed gradually over the subsequent years. This process continues with the addition of crevice gardens to replace a portion of the existing rock gardens. Primarily a collectors' garden rather than a designed landscape, the garden focuses on rock gardening and alpine plants; between 1,500 and 2,000 species are represented. Salt tolerance, especially of small shrubs, is a primary issue, although there are microclimates even on this small piece of land. Rainfall is also high, averaging 110 inches per year, with 150 inches being experienced in two recent years. Some of the rock gardens with sensitive alpines are covered in the winter, while winter gales can reach 60 to 70 miles per hour. Some of the plants have been purchased from nurseries, but the majority have been grown from seed or cuttings acquired from friends or in the wild. Wild-collected seed and the resulting plants in the alpine gardens are the most valued garden material. These collections of seed have been taken on trips in Europe, Asia, South Africa, and North America, although the main concentration has been on South America, especially in the Andes of Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. In addition to the border and rock gardens there are troughs, containers, and frames.
Persons associated with the garden include: George Hurd (former owner, ca. 1942-1973).
Related Materials:
Untitled Garden in Arch Cape, Oregon related holdings consist of 1 folder (14 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Arch Cape.  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR044
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6a84838f2-eb1e-46c7-a67a-80c20c5687ea
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10112

Aurora -- William Case House

Landscape architect:
Huntington, Wallace  Search this
Former owner:
Case, William  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
William Case House (Aurora, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Marion County -- Aurora
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes site plans, copies of articles, and work sheet.
Former Title:
French Prairie.
General:
The property of 1,500 acres in 1846 included a ravine, stream, forest of tall trees, and a prairie. By 1976, the new owners formalized the flat fields with flowers, hedges, and trees. The garden, on 7 1/2 acres, is formal with boxwood hedges and unclipped box specimens. The gardens of Sissinghurst & Hidcot influenced the design, but it has old growth Douglas Firs. It also has a collection of magnolia and Michaelids, six Stewartia species, Eucryphia, Heheria, Rhododendron, Azalea, Fig, Pomegranates, and Davidia.
Persons associated with the property include: William Case (former owner, 1844-1903); and Wallace Huntington (landscape architect, 1976).
Related Materials:
William Case House related holdings consist of 1 folder (10 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Aurora  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR013
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6a1708a0e-e232-4c65-aa46-a27462c3f0df
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10113

Gearhart -- Blessings

Landscape architect:
Kiest, Craig  Search this
Huntington & Kiest  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Blessings (Gearhart, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Clatsop County -- Gearhart
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes a worksheet and a garden plan.
General:
Established in 1984, this 2.89 acre garden borders Neacoxie Creek on the east and sits up on a bluff overlooking the Necanicum Estuary to the south, with a distant view of Tillamook Head and the Pacific Ocean. The house is situated on the far most southern boundary, maximizing the land for a garden on its northern portion. Part of the garden is situated among a grove of mature Sitka spruce, with an understory of native plants. This area is known informally as the "Woodland Garden," while a sunnier area across the road is known as the "Formal Garden." The "Formal Garden" has a landscaped lawn with a wide variety of perennials, bulbs, fruit trees, ornamental shrubs, and Japanese maples. Part of this garden area is also used for vegetables and composting.
Persons and firms associated with the garden include: Craig Kiest (landscape architect); and Huntington & Kiest (landscape architects).
Related Materials:
Blessings related holdings consist of 1 folder (15 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Gearhart  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR045
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb64fb7fbbd-43df-4300-9428-0964a96a58c2
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10115

Lake Oswego -- Stubblefield Garden

Photographer:
Woodyard, Cynthia  Search this
Former owner:
Jantzen, Carl J.  Search this
Coffey, Harry K.  Search this
Halvorson, Carl  Search this
Landscape architect:
Warner, John  Search this
Kiest, Craig  Search this
Huntington & Kiest  Search this
Sculptor:
Hardy, Thomas  Search this
Preservationist:
Tomson, Tommy  Search this
Architect:
Ertz, Burns and Co.  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Stubblefield Garden (Lake Oswego, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Lake Oswego
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes plans, an information worksheet, a slide list, and color photocopies of images of the property.
General:
"The five acre French country garden was developed around a large stone house that sits high on an island in Oswego Lake. The meandering paths connect the garden's major features, including a formal rose garden, stone gazebo, natural ponds and waterfall, formal sculpture pool, stone boathouse, cantilevered stone dock, swimming pool and terrace, parking court and a parterre. The unusual planting, ranging from Cotinus obovatus and Poncius trifoliate to Corylopsis paucifloria and Coptis trifoliata are located in an open Douglas fir and Oregon white oak forested hillside."
Persons and firms associated with the property include: Carl J. Jantzen (former owner, 1929); Harry K. Coffey (former owner, 1948); Carl Halvorson (former owner, 1956); Tommy Tomson (historic preservationist); John Warner (landscape architect, 1987); Craig Kiest (landscape architect, 1987); Thomas Hardy (sculptor); Ertz, Burns and Co. (architects); and Huntington & Kiest (landscape architects).
Related Materials:
Related holdings consist of 1 folder (20 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Lake Oswego  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR035
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6de6a548d-b032-4701-9b96-4fe897a275c6
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10116

Portland -- Booth Garden

Landscape architect:
Huntington, Wallace  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Booth Garden (Portand, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Multnomah County -- Portland
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes site plans, article, and work sheet.
General:
The garden, established in 1976, contains annual borders formalized by a lawn and manicured hedges. According to the owner, the garden was designed to produce flowers for cutting.
Persons associated with the property include: Mr. and Mrs. Frank Hart (former owners, 1890-1903); Mr. and Mrs. Jay Smith (former owners, 1903-1935); Mr. and Mrs. Robert Summerville (former owners, 1935-?); Wllace Huntington (landscape architect)
Related Materials:
Booth Garden related holdings consist of 1 folder (18 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Portland  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR015
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6d33c3e66-5866-4228-8031-149843683f18
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10118

Portland -- The Jane K. Platt Garden

Former owner:
Platt, John, M/M  Search this
Landscape architect:
Painter, Richard  Search this
Architect:
Bulluschi, Pietro  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
The Jane K. Platt Garden (Portland, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Multnomah County -- Portland
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes site plans and work sheet.
General:
The house was built on the site of an old apple orchard. "There are two and a half acres of sweeping lawns surrounded by beds containing many rare plants, trees and shrubs...The garden is primarily Ms. Platt's design. Emphasis is on a succession of bloom and color throughout the year. Alpines from all over the world are included." (The Garden Club of America Annual Dinner Medal Award Program, 1984)
Persons associated with the property include: Pietro Bulluschi (architect, 1938); Richard Painter (landscape designer, 1958-1962).
Related Materials:
The Jane K. Platt Garden related holdings consist of 1 folder (10 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Portland  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR016
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb687c1b50d-61dc-4cc4-b37e-1f1ae86677a4
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10119

Portland -- High Hatch

Former owner:
Whidden, William  Search this
Kerr, Thomas, Sr.  Search this
Kerr, Thomas, Jr.  Search this
Architect:
Whidden, William  Search this
Marlitt, Richard  Search this
Case, Carter  Search this
Ladd, Thorton  Search this
Sculptor:
Jellum, Keith  Search this
Hillman, Henry  Search this
Gardener:
Miner, Jay  Search this
Landscape architect:
Ladd, Thorton  Search this
Photographer:
Jones, Sally McIntosh  Search this
Provenance:
The Portland Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
High Hatch (Portland, Or.)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Multnomah County -- Portland
Scope and Contents:
The folder includes plans, information worksheet and a press release and article from "Traditional Home".
General:
"The house is 70 years old with an estate size garden. The garden is formal with a rose garden that has been redesigned. The carriage house has rhododendrons and other plants that soften its look. There is a courtyard and reflecting pond which has a spring display of plants. The rock garden is divided into a wet and a dry side."
"The garden itself appears to be designed by Mrs. Mabel Kerr, Sr., possibly influenced by Olmsted's work at Elk Rock garden."
Persons associated with the property include: William Whidden (former owners from 1910 to 1923); Thomas Kerr, Sr. (former owner from 1924 to 1944); Thomas Kerr, Jr. (former owner from 1944 to 1980); Willam Whidden (architect from 1910 to 1915); Richard Marlitt (architect from 1960 to 1970); Keith Jellum (sculptor); Henry Hillman (sculptor); Carter Case (architect 1993); Jay Miner (gardener and artist); Thorton Ladd (architect and landscape architect); Sally McIntosh-Jones (photographer).
Related Materials:
High Hatch related holdings consist of 1 folder (20 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Portland  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR003
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb62a0c24bc-2b5b-403f-9154-dcfbf7fb1293
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10123

Portland -- Untitled Garden

Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Untitled Garden (Portland, Oregon)
United States of America -- Oregon -- Multnomah County -- Portland
General:
Two 35-mm slides from Horticulture, March 1989.
"The garden features terraces, herb gardens, rose arches, swimming pools, greenhouse, lath house and perennial borders."
Related Materials:
Untitled Garden related holdings consist of 1 folder (2 35 mm. slides)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Oregon -- Portland  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OR027
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Oregon
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6db3098f0-c2cd-4ab8-8098-aafd76ae320b
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10133

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