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River Bend -- River Bend

Photographer:
Kasten, Susan  Search this
Dawson, Sandy  Search this
Provenance:
Green Tree Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
River Bend (River Bend, Wisconsin)
United States -- Wisconsin -- Milwaukee -- River Bend
Scope and Contents:
33 digital images (2011. 2022-2023) and 1 digital file folder.
Biographical / Historical:
The owner's garden-related activities include leadership roles in garden clubs and nature centers. She championed, established and led Milwaukee's Urban Ecology Center where children and adults can partake in environmental education and outdoor experiences.
General:
River Bend had five acres of Milwaukee River frontage, a house built in the 1970s and fields and former cow pastures when the owners bought the property in 1990. They embarked on an extensive project of landscape and garden design that included installing a swimming pool, tennis court, perennial and native plant gardens, and two ponds with a connecting waterfall. Due to the high clay content of the soil the ponds were engineered to accept and recirculate run-off water, with additional run-off channeled to the river. The tennis court was sited on a higher elevation, and dirt excavated during construction of the pool and ponds was used to build berms for privacy. The house is approached from a curved driveway landscaped with rolling berms planted with green ash, blue spruce, honey locust and maple with under-plantings of lilies, spirea, lilac, hydrangea and lamium. The circle in front of the house has another green ash, river birch, maple and pots of purple petunias. An arbor with a honeysuckle vine over a bluestone path accesses the gardens and features behind the house.

The first summer garden has echinacea, phlox, daisies and wild geranium, and another perennial garden planted on a berm across the lawn has Joe Pye weed, yarrow, sage, astilbe, salvia, and many colorful annuals perennials. The multi-level terrace enclosed by three wings of the house is used for dining and entertaining with black wrought iron tables and chairs, black and white upholstery, and many pots of colorful annuals. A gingko tree grows on a bluestone and brick deck, with planted pots of geraniums that are wintered over in the greenhouse. Steps lead to the swimming pool, followed by an expansive lawn for outdoor activities, another furnished terrace outside the tennis court, and a pergola covered with wisteria.

The lower pond has a sandy beach and pier with a bench, with willow, olive and highbush cranberry planted around the perimeter. The upper pond is bordered by roses, iris, weigela and a native garden along with fieldstone boulders around the perimeter. Boulders in the waterfall were placed so the falling water creates a pleasing sound. The ponds were home for two swans and their offspring for many years. A buried pump recirculates water from the lower to the upper pond so the water does not become stagnant. A greenhouse with skylights and large windows is attached to the house, used for wintering over as well as starting seeds for zucchini, lettuce, cucumbers, tomatoes, and other summer vegetables for a fenced ten by twenty-two- foot vegetable garden. Finally the property is bordered by woodlands with many trees with spectacular fall color.
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Wisconsin -- River Bend  Search this
Container gardening  Search this
Cutting gardens  Search this
Native plant gardening  Search this
Rose gardens  Search this
Vegetable gardening  Search this
Water gardens  Search this
Woodland gardens  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File WI042
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Wisconsin
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6df843056-c918-45bc-8490-56944675efcc
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33363

Rossford -- Rossford Garden

Photographer:
Todak, Patricia A.  Search this
Provenance:
Country Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
United States -- Ohio -- Wood -- Rossford
Scope and Contents:
13 digital images (2022) and 1 file folder
General:
This house in town with about one-half acre has belonged to three generations since 1914 but the conifer garden is the creation of the current owner. His grandparents planted fruit trees and vegetables, replaced with lawn by his parents in the 1970's. Ornamental gardening began in 1986 with both conifers and perennials, then evolved into a display garden of dwarf and miniature conifers, numbering 433 at last count. There are some deciduous plants but most are evergreens that feature year-round color and winter interest. Most of the tall trees have been removed over the years, and the conifers are pruned so each has ample space. The ground is deeply mulched with pine straw, with some grass patches for contrast and curving cement walkways for physically challenged people. Weathered limestone boulders, statues, a small fountain, ornamental benches, an arbor and a pond and other artifacts add variety to the display.

Persons associated with the garden's design: John J. Vrablic, Jr. (owner); Oak Park Landscape Water Garden Center (garden design and construction).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Ohio -- Rossford  Search this
Evergreens  Search this
Pinetum  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OH300
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Ohio
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6b475b6ac-cb59-4da5-a67d-85f83e0c82fd
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33357

Wadsworth -- Little Stone and Cedar Farm

Photographer:
Klein, Susan  Search this
Rogers, Jane  Search this
Provenance:
Akron Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Gardens -- Ohio -- Wadsworth
Little Stone and Cedar Farm (Wadsworth, Ohio)
United States -- Ohio -- Medina County -- Wadsworth
Scope and Contents:
17 digital images (2017-2018, 2020) and 1 file folder (digital).
General:
The owners purchased a partially wooded, abandoned and overgrown farmland lot in 2001 and built their stone façade house, then purchased two more lots for a total of 9.5 acres, then built gardens. The gardens include a two-acre native plant meadow with prairie tallgrass and flowers, an extensive shrub and tree border with native Ohio types, a wetlands garden, a 40-foot-square vegetable garden, foundation gardens and terrace gardens near the house. Several types of stone were used for raised beds, edging, dry creek beds, and the wetlands garden. There is a custom pergola, bluestone terrace, and a New England style barn built in 2005. The vegetable garden located behind the barn has pea stone paths, eight raised beds, a cold frame, and a stone birdbath. The wetlands were excavated with engineering to direct the excess water flow and a well to provide water during dry spells. A boardwalk, pea gravel and grass paths lead around the property. The ash trees in the wooded areas were removed due to emerald ash borer and replaced with sugar maple. Chinese seven-sons are one of the few non-native species planted in the woodland garden.

The wetlands garden and two-acre native meadow or tallgrass prairie garden were created by native plant experts who collected and propagated seeds. A large burr oak was planted as a sentinel in the tallgrass prairie garden. Other features include a great blue heron weathervane atop the barn and a sculpture in the wetlands garden of the owners' golden retriever and barn cat.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Jason Andrew ( landscape architect, 2003-2012); Lewis Landscaping (landscape contractor, 2003-2023); Don Beam, native plant expert (2007-2012); Guy Denny, native plant expert (2013); Jennifer Windus, native plant expert (2013)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Prairie gardening  Search this
Water gardens  Search this
Native plant gardens  Search this
Vegetable gardening  Search this
Woodland gardens  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File OH301
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Ohio
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6349d92f7-9749-4685-a829-e6e6e2b658e1
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33364

William Babcock Hazen Papers

Creator:
Belknap, William W. (William Worth), 1829-1890  Search this
Garfield, James A. (James Abram), 1831-1881  Search this
Greely, Adolphus Washington  Search this
Hayes, Rutherford Birchard, 1822-1893  Search this
Hazen, William Babcock, 1830-1887  Search this
Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865  Search this
Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888  Search this
Sherman, William T. (William Tecumseh), 1820-1891  Search this
Webster, Daniel, 1782-1852  Search this
Names:
Lincoln, Robert Todd  Search this
Extent:
4 Cubic feet (11 boxes)
Culture:
Inuit -- Greenland  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Cartes-de-visite
Correspondence
Diplomas
Legal documents
Military commissions
Place:
Greenland -- Exploration
United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
Date:
1855-1909
Summary:
Papers document General William Babcock Hazen's military career, primarily through correspondence, photographs, and publications.
Scope and Contents:
The General William Babcock Hazen Collection, 1856-1905, consists of approximately four cubic feet of material. Collection materials include biographical, correspondence (military and family), documents on the Greely Arctic Expedition, photographs, stereographs, and material on General Hazen's book, A Narrative of Military Service.
Arrangement:
This collection is divided into six series.

Series 1, Biographical Materials, 1885-1867

Series 2, Correspondence and Military Forms 1856-1886 and undated

Series 3, Correspondence to General William Babcock Hazen, 1861-1887

Series 4, Correspondence of Hazen Family, 1858-1909

Series 5, Photographs, 1864-1881

Series 6, Publications, 1865-1886
Biographical / Historical:
General William Babcock Hazen was born September 27, 1830 in West Hartford, Vermont. Four years later, the family moved to a farm outside Hiram, Portage County, Ohio where he attended school with James A. Garfield. Hazen's goal was service in the Army, and he wrote his congressman for admission to the United States Military Academy at West Point. Hazen graduated in 1855, twenty-eighth out of a class of thirty-four.

After graduation, General Hazen was assigned as Brevet Second Lieutenant, Company D, Fourth Infantry, Redding, California. After arriving in California, he was ordered to Fort Lane in the Oregon Territory. Lieutenant Hazen was authorized to establish a command at Grand Ronde and build a blockhouse that became the post Fort Yamhill, located west of Portland, Oregon. On April 20, 1857, he was transferred to Fort Jones, California, and then ordered to join the Eighth Infantry, Fort Davis, Texas. Hazen was transferred to Fort Inge, Texas, to protect a road from San Antonio to Eagle Pass. During a chase, Hazen was wounded by a bullet that was not removed. The lingering effect of the bullet wound would cause him frequent pain.

During the period of service in Texas, Hazen reportedly gained leadership experience, practical military knowledge, and considerable confidence in his own abilities. Following twelve months of convalescence, Hazen was nominated assistant instructor of military tactics at West Point on January 28, 1861. He was promoted to First Lieutenant on April 1861 and captain on May 14, 1861. Colonel James A. Garfield influenced the appointment of Hazen as colonel in command of the newly organized forty-first Ohio Volunteer Regiment. Hazen quickly transformed the regiment's inexperienced personnel into a firmly disciplined body. The intensive training paid large dividends later in the war, and he always held the regiment in high regard.

As brigade and division commander, General Hazen led troops in many important battles and campaigns: Shiloh (Place of Peace), Stones River, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Atlanta, Resaca, Picketts Mill, Jonesboro, Fort McAllister, and Bentonville. On December 13, 1864, Hazen was appointed a major general of volunteers in recognition of long and faithful service and the capture of Fort McAllister. It was after the performance of his troops at Fort McAllister that a friendly relationship developed with General William T. Sherman. With the capitulation of the Confederate armies in spring of 1865, Hazen's division and the Army of the Tennessee left North Carolina where they saw their last fighting. The destination was Washington, D.C., site of a two-day grand review of the victorious Union Armies. On May 19, 1865 Hazen was elevated to commander of the Fifteenth Corps. After a thirty day furlough, he held command of the District of Middle Tennessee until the following summer. In July 1866, Hazen returned west.

In August 1870, President Ulysses S. Grant granted Hazen indefinite leave to observe the Franco-Prussian War. He viewed several battles and personally interviewed Otto von Bismarck and General Helmut von Moltke. Observations and research convinced Hazen that the United States Army was mismanaged and lacked tactical and logistical organization.

Before returning to the Sixth Infantry command, Hazen married Mildred McLean, the twenty-one year-old daughter of prominent Cincinnati Enquirer owner Washington McLean. A son John was born in 1876, but died at the age of twenty-two in 1898.

In June 1877, Hazen was appointed military attaché to the United States Legation in Vienna, Austria, and assigned as military observer of the Russo-Turkish War that had started in April 1877.

In 1878 Colonel Stanley accused Colonel Hazen of perjury and cowardice in the Civil War and requested a court-martial. Colonel Hazen retaliated by formally requesting that Stanley be arraigned by a court-martial on charges of publishing and circulating libelous material against him. On March 19, 1879, General Sherman reluctantly recommended that both generals be arraigned by the same court-martial. The New York Tribune reported "inasmuch as by the decisions of the court-martial Hazen has secured a substantial vindication." Hazen returned to Fort Buford.

While on detached service in Washington, D.C., Hazen actively campaigned for James A. Garfield for president. On August 24, 1880, General Albert James Myer, Chief of the Army Signal Corps, died, opening up a staff position subject to presidential appointment. President Rutherford B. Hayes, after consulting with President-elect Garfield, announced the promotion of Hazen to the rank of brigadier general and appointment as chief signal officer. One of Hazen's lasting legacies in this new role was advancing the development of meteorological science in the Army Signal Corps.

In May 1880, Lady Franklin Bay in northern Canada was chosen as the site for a signal service polar station, one of several conducted by eleven nations for the first International Polar Year (1882-1883). The initial two-year expedition set out in 1881 under the command of Regular Army First Lieutenant Adolphus W. Greely, a Civil War veteran from Massachusetts. The twenty-five man party did not get relief from the long winter in 1882, and a second rescue attempt was disrupted by ice. In September 1883, Secretary of War Robert Todd Lincoln, decided it was too late to send another relief party and they were left to spend a third winter in the Arctic. The demoralized party was forced to march south in search of supplies and landed at Cape Sabine, spending the next eight months in desperate circumstances. In June 1884, rescuers finally reached them and found only Greely and seven others alive. The remaining expedition members froze or starved to death.

Hazen never forgave Secretary of War Robert Todd Lincoln for his inaction with the Greely Arctic Expedition, and in 1884 Lincoln censured Hazen for his criticism. Hazen replied to Lincoln by letter, which was returned with a warning to keep the matter private. Hazen went to the press and stated in a published account that he wrote such a letter. He immediately found himself ordered before another court-martial, resulting in a reprimand by President Chester A. Arthur for "unwarranted and captious criticism." Greely supported Hazen's position. In 1885, Hazen produced A Narrative of Military Service, a report devoted to the defense of his Civil War record and personal reputation.

Health problems-diabetes and recurring pain from his bullet wound-forced Hazen to obtain a 12-month leave of absence from his military service. On January 13, 1887, he attended a White House reception where he caught a cold. He died on January 16, 1887, at the age of fifty-six.
Provenance:
In 1985, the Smithsonian received from the Estate of Fredrick McLean Bugher, grandnephew of General Hazen's wife Mildred McLean Hazen, manuscripts and letters concerning General Hazen. Part of the collection was rescued by a private individual from a Lorton, Virginia land fill and sold to the Smithsonian in 1987 in two sections. The first section contained material about the career of General William Babcock Hazen as chief signal officer of the United States Army. The second section contained manuscript materials related to Hazen's duties on the frontier and Indian tribes covering the period of 1855 to 1860, and from 1866 to 1880. Also included are family letters and land holdings in the Midwest.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Rights situation uncertain, but most of the collection is probably in the public domain due to its age.
Topic:
Arctic regions -- Discovery and exploration -- 1880-1890  Search this
Eskimos -- Greenland  Search this
Genre/Form:
Cartes-de-visite
Correspondence -- 1850-1900
Diplomas
Legal documents
Military commissions
Citation:
William B. Hazen Papers, 1855-1909, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0427
See more items in:
William Babcock Hazen Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep867016537-49d3-4a96-8de1-9147aeba33c3
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0427
Online Media:

Robert "Mack" McCormick Collection

Collector:
McCormick, Mack  Search this
Musician:
Badeaux, Ed, 1926-2015  Search this
Chenier, Clifton, 1925-1987  Search this
Cotten, Elizabeth  Search this
Estes, Sleepy John, 1899-1977  Search this
Hopkins, Lightnin', 1912-1982  Search this
House, Son  Search this
Howling Wolf  Search this
James, Harry  Search this
Jefferson, Blind Lemon, 1897-1929  Search this
Johnson, Robert, 1911-1938  Search this
Leadbelly, 1885-1949  Search this
Lipscomb, Mance, 1895-1976  Search this
Muddy Waters, 1915-1983  Search this
Rinzler, Ralph  Search this
Shaw, Robert, 1908 August 9-1985  Search this
Thomas, Henry, 1874-1952  Search this
Wallace, Sippie  Search this
Historian:
Oliver, Paul, 1927-2017  Search this
Singer:
Spivey, Victoria  Search this
Producer:
Strachwitz, Chris  Search this
Extent:
60 Cubic feet (171 boxes, 9 map folders)
Culture:
African Americans -- Mississippi  Search this
Arkansas  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Business cards
Compact discs
Contracts
Correspondence
Folklore
Newspaper clippings
Posters
Road maps
Television scripts
Ephemera
Black-and-white negatives
Contact sheets
Color slides
Business records
Family papers
Resumes
Diaries
Journals (periodicals)
Financial records
Audio cassettes
Manuscripts
Playbills
Field recordings
Writings
Transcripts
Manuscripts for publication
Color negatives
Negatives
Articles
Place:
United States -- Race relations
Delta (Miss.)
Sugarland Prison (Tex.)
Greenwood (Miss.)
Robinsonville (Miss.)
Dallas (Tex.)
Houston (Tex.)
San Antonio (Tex.)
Tunica (La.)
Texarkana (Tex.)
Galveston (Texas)
Date:
1858-2015, undated
Summary:
Field notes, manuscripts, photographs, booking contracts, correspondence, personal papers, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, interviews, and other research materials primarily relating to the history of American blues music. Collection documents the lives of significant blues musicians Robert Johnson, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Lightnin' Hopkins, and Mance Lipscomb; insight into the life, writings, and research practices of Robert "Mack" McCormick; and the business side of recording and selling the blues.
Scope and Contents:
The collection documents the life, writings, research practices, and business activities of blues scholar Robert "Mack" Burton McCormick who came to serve as a leading authority on the genre. Personal papers include diaries, curriculum vitae, biographical sketches, school papers, employment documents, correspondence, financial records, and an interview transcript. McCormick's writings consist of published magazine and journal articles, plays, essays, television scripts, short stories, and album liner notes. There are complete unpublished manuscripts, drafts with notes and research materials, and ideas for future work. McCormick's research practices and subjects of interest are documented in correspondence, field notes, annotated maps, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, city directories, interviews, photographic prints, negatives, slides, and contact sheets. American blues, Texas blues, and the music of significant blues artists, who McCormick served as an agent and manager for, dominated his extensive research efforts. In addition, the collection documents the recording, distribution and sale, and identification of consumer markets for American music in correspondence, contracts, agreements, music journals, publicity and promotional materials, music manuscripts, and interviews.

Throughout the collection preservation measures were performed to ensure long term use of the materials. Newspaper clippings were photocopied, and the originals were discarded. Audio cassette tapes have been reformatted and the digital copies will soon be available for research use.
Arrangement:
Collection is arranged into fifteen series.

Series 1: Photographic Negatives, Photographs and Slides, 1959-1998, undated

Subseries 1.1: Photographic Negatives and Contact Sheets, 1967-1977, undated

Subseries 1.2: Photographs, 1959-1998, undated

Subseries 1.3: Photographs, Texas Blues (TB), 1961-1964, undated

Subseries 1.4: Photographic Slides, 1964-1977, undated

Subseries 1.5: Negative and Photograph Indices and Assorted Material, 1963-1975

Series 2: Personal Papers, 1937-2015, undated

Subseries 2.1: Biographical Information, 1945-2003, undated

Subseries 2.2: Correspondence, Greeting Cards, and Postcards, 1937-2010, undated

Subseries 2.3: Education, 1938-1946

Subseries 2.4: Employment Records, 1948-1961, undated

Subseries 2.5: Family Papers, 1945-1988, undated

Subseries 2.6: Press, 1960-2015, undated

Subseries 2.7: Archive, 1972-2015, undated

Subseries 2.8: Campaign, 1959-2015, undated

Subseries 2.9: Financial Papers, 1952-2015

Subseries 2.10: Legal Papers, 1950-2015, undated

Subseries 2.11: Business Records, 1941-2006, undated

Series 3: Project Files, 1960-2003, undated

Subseries 3.1: Library of Congress, 1960-1964

Subseries 3.2: Newport Folk Festival, 1965-1969

Subseries 3.3: Hemisfair, 1968

Subseries 3.4: Smithsonian Institution, Festival of American Folklife 1966-1980, undated

Subseries 3.5: Other Blues Project, 2001-2003, undated

Series 4: Manuscripts and Writings, 1952-2015, undated

Subseries 4.1: Almost A Savage Joy, 1959-1980

Subseries 4.2: Another Fine Mess, 1981-1987, undated

Subseries 4.3: Blues: A New Look, 1965-1984, undated

Subseries 4.4: Blues Odyssey, 1971, undated

Subseries 4.5: Death and Tragedy, 1975-1980, undated

Subseries 4.6: Down in Texas Blues, undated

Subseries 4.7: Folk Songs of Men, 1952-1977, undated

Subseries 4.8: Hang Down Your Head Tom Dooley, 1958-1976, undated

Subseries 4.9: Henry Thomas, 1975-2002, undated

Subseries 4.10: Ira, George, Edward, and Lee, 1994, undated

Subseries 4.11: The Magic Room, 1961-1962, undated

Subseries 4.12: Origin of Blues, 1991-2004, undated

Subseries 4.13: Snake in the Belly, 1956-1957, undated

Subseries 4.14: Wiley, 1957-1984, undated

Subseries 4.15: Articles, Ideas and Drafts, 1961-2004, undated

Series 5: Artist Files, 1880-2010, undated

Series 6: Texas Blues Research, 1858-2011, undated

Subseries 6.1: Texas Blues Research, 1910-2010, undated

Subseries 6.2: Lead Files, 1962-1980, undated

Subseries 6.3: Trip Notes, 1960-1989, undated

Subseries 6.4: Song Histories, 1920-1982, undated

Subseries 6.5: Music, 1928-2011, undated

Subseries 6.6: Record Catalogs, 1963-2006, undated

Subseries 6.7: Maps, 1958-1989, undated

Series 7: Robert Johnson, 1910-2015, undated

Subseries 7.1: Research Materials, 1910-2015, undated

Subseries 7.2: Who Killed Robert Johnson Manuscript, 1955-2015, undated

Series 8: Office Files, 1938-2000, undated

Series 9: Correspondence, 1959-2015, undated

Series 10: Organizations, Groups and Buffs, 1961-2003, undated

Series 11: Festivals and Living Museums, 1960-2003, undated

Series 12: Music Journals, 1971-2006, undated

Series 13: Subject Files, 1896-2015, undated

Series 14: People Files, 1928-2014, undated

Series 15: Audio Cassette Tapes and Digital Files, 1941-2007, undated
Biographical / Historical:
Robert Burton "Mack" McCormick (August 3, 1930-November 18, 2015) was a self-taught folklorist who spent a lifetime researching, collecting, and writing about vernacular music in the United States. Most of his work focused on the blues and other musical traditions of Black, brown, and white communities living throughout Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. After experiencing a difficult, transient childhood and eventually dropping out of high school, McCormick settled in Houston, Texas and began to work a series of odd jobs while relentlessly pursuing his goal of becoming a successful writer. Although researching and writing about music came to occupy most of his time, he also pursued passions as a screenwriter and novelist. The volume of historical research and personal interviews he conducted from the 1950s through the early 1970s is remarkable, and his published writings during this period about music and the musicians he doggedly studied were lauded by his peers as among the best in the field. Along the way he worked for a time as a manager for the careers of the Texas songsters Sam "Lightnin'" Hopkins and Mance Lipscomb, and briefly ran his own record label. He made hundreds of hours of field recordings with musicians living throughout the South. He collaborated with colleagues such as Chris Strachwitz, founder of Arhoolie Records, and Paul Oliver, with whom McCormick spent over a decade researching and writing a manuscript on the history of Texas Blues. Beginning in the late 1960s, he was contracted by the Smithsonian Institution as a field worker for its annual Festival of American Folklife, and around the same time began researching the life of blues legend Robert Johnson for a manuscript that McCormick wrote and re-wrote but failed to publish in his lifetime.

McCormick's research, along with his personal archive, became the stuff of legend among fellow blues researchers and enthusiasts, particularly after his publishing output dwindled in the 1970s. He lived with a bipolar disorder that drew him into bouts of depression and paranoia. He came to distrust many of those colleagues working most closely with him, and sometimes shared untrue information to throw them off the trail of his research discoveries. He also "borrowed" heirloom photographs from the family members and descendants of blues artists and, in several cases documented in this collection, he refused to return them. Overcome with challenges that lay both within and without his control, he came to describe the massive archive in his Houston, Texas home as "the monster," and spent his final decades attempting with little success to publish his writings.
Related Materials:
National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

W. C. Handy Collection, NMAH.AC.0132

Sam DeVincent Collection of Illustrated American Sheet Music, Series 3, African American Music, NMAH.AC.0300

Sam DeVincent Collection of Illustrated American Sheet Music, Series 16: Country, Western, and Folk Music, NMAH.AC.0300

Duke Ellington Collection, NMAH.AC.0301

Frank Driggs Collection of Duke Ellington Photographic Reference Prints, NMAH.AC.0389

Program in African American Culture Collection, NMAH.AC.0408

Ruth Ellington Collection of Duke Ellington Materials, NMAH.AC.0415

Alan Strauber Photoprints, 1990-1994, 1999, NMAH.AC.0517

Jonas Bernholm Rhythm and Blues Collection, NMAH.AC.0551

Ray McKinley Music and Ephemera, NMAH.AC.0635

Bluestime Power Hour Videotapes, NMAH.AC.0657

Edward and Gaye Collection of Duke Ellington Materials, NMAH.AC.0704

Bill Holman Collection, NMAH.AC.0733

Andrew Homzy Collection of Duke Ellington Stock Arrangements, NMAH.AC.0740

Harry Warren Papers, NMAH.AC.0750

Benny Carter Collection, NMAH.AC.0757

W. Royal Stokes Collection of Music Photoprints and Interviews, NMAH.AC.0766

Fletcher and Horace Henderson Collection, NMAH.AC.0797

Smithsonian Jazz Oral History Program Collection, NMAH.AC.0808

William Russo Music and Personal Papers, NMAH.AC.0845

Milt Gabler Papers, NMAH.AC.0849

Leonard and Mary Gaskin Papers, NMAH.AC.0900

Bobby Tucker Papers, NMAH.AC.1141

Floyd Levin Jazz Reference Collection, NMAH.AC1222

Duncan Schiedt Jazz Collection, NMAH.AC1323

Maceo Jefferson Papers, NMAH.AC1370

Jazz and Big Band Collection, 1927-1966, NMAH.AC.1388

Nick Reynolds Kingston Trio Papers, NMAH.AC.1472

McIntire Family Hawaiian Entertainers Collection, NMAH.AC.1511

Native Peoples Musicians and Music Collection, NMAH.AC.1512

Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage

Arhoolie Business Records and Audio Recordings, 1960-2016, CFCH.ARHO

Moses and Frances Asch Collection, 1926-1986, CFCH.ASCH

CFCH Audiovisual Projects, 2011-2018, CFCH.AVPR

Diana Davies Photographs, 1963-1969, CFCH.DAVIE

Frederic Ramsey Audio Recordings, 1945-1959, CFCH.RAMS

Ralph Rinzler Papers and Audio Recordings, 1950-1994, CFCH.RINZ

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1968 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1968

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1969 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1969

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1970 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1970

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1972 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1972

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1973 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1973

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1974 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1974

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1975 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1975

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1976 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1976

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1983 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1983

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1985 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1985

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1987 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1987

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1988 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1988

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1989

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1991 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1991

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1996 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1996

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 1997 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.1997

Smithsonian Folklife Festival Records: 2011 Festival of American Folklife, CFCH.SFF.2011

Smithsonian Institution

Division of Performing Arts Records, 1966-1979, Accession T90055

Office of Public Affairs, Biographical Files, 1963-1988, Record Unit 420, SIA.FARU0420

National Museum of American History, Department of Public Programs, 1968-1992, Record Unit 584, SIA.FARU0584

Smithsonian Productions, 1967-2000, undated, SIA.FA09-055
Separated Materials:
National Museum of American History's Division of Culture and the Arts

Artifacts acquired as part of the collection include:

Washburn style G guitar, serial number 46472, Accession number 2019.0234.01.

Set of quills (or panpipes) made and played by blues artist Joe Patterson. Accession number 2019.0234.02.

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections

Audio recordings acquired as part of the collection are listed in The Guide to the Mack McCormick Audio Tapes Collection prepared by Jeff Place, 2020-2022.
Provenance:
Collection donated by Susannah Nix to the Archives Center in 2019.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Access to original materials in boxes 76-80 is prohibited. Researchers must use digital copies.

Additional materials have been removed from public access pending investigation under the Smithsonian Institution's Ethical Returns and Shared Stewardship Policy.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Occupation:
African American musicians  Search this
Topic:
Drafts (documents)  Search this
Blues (Music)  Search this
Blues musicians  Search this
Photographs  Search this
Postcards -- 20th century  Search this
telephone -- Directories  Search this
Plays  Search this
African American music -- 20th century  Search this
Sharecropping  Search this
Plantations  Search this
Zydeco music  Search this
Commercial recordings  Search this
Piano music (Barrelhouse)  Search this
Genealogy  Search this
African Americans -- Texas  Search this
Songsters  Search this
Blues (Music) -- Delta (Miss. : Region)  Search this
Rodeos -- United States  Search this
Prisons -- Songs and music  Search this
Festival of American Folklife -- History  Search this
Festival of American Folklife -- Planning  Search this
Street scenes  Search this
Blues (Music) -- Texas.  Search this
African Americans -- Folklore  Search this
American South  Search this
African American -- Social life and customs  Search this
Blues (Music) -- Mississippi.  Search this
Blues (Music) -- Alabama.  Search this
Blues (Music) -- New Orleans (La.)  Search this
Conjunto music  Search this
Jazz -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Folk music -- United States  Search this
Ethnomusicology -- History  Search this
Sound recordings  Search this
Sound recording and reproduction  Search this
Tejano music  Search this
Transcripts  Search this
Folklorists  Search this
Zydeco musicians  Search this
Musicians, Cajun  Search this
Folk music -- United States -- History and criticism.  Search this
Music -- History and criticism  Search this
Festival of American Folklife  Search this
African Americans -- Alabama -- Music  Search this
Guitar -- 20th century  Search this
Guitar music  Search this
Guitarists  Search this
Country musicians  Search this
Sound recording executives and producers -- United States -- Biography.  Search this
Sound recording industry  Search this
Blues (Music) -- Southern States.  Search this
Blues musicians -- United States -- Interviews.  Search this
Hawaiian guitar  Search this
Hawaiian guitar music  Search this
African American farmers  Search this
Sharecroppers  Search this
Labor -- Southern states -- 20th century  Search this
manuscripts -- Editing  Search this
African Americans -- Songs and music  Search this
Sound recordings -- Album covers  Search this
African American prisoners  Search this
Crafts  Search this
Museum outreach programs  Search this
Folk music -- New Orleans (La.)  Search this
Black people -- Race identity  Search this
Race discrimination -- United States  Search this
Sound recordings -- Collectors and collecting  Search this
Genre/Form:
Business cards
Compact discs
Contracts
Correspondence
Folklore
Newspaper clippings
Posters
Road maps -- United States
Television scripts
Ephemera -- 20th century
Black-and-white negatives
Contact sheets -- 20th cenury
Color slides -- 20th century
Business records -- 20th century
Family papers -- 20th century
Resumes
Diaries -- 20th century
Journals (periodicals) -- 20th century
Financial records -- 20th century
Audio cassettes -- 20th century
Manuscripts -- Music -- 20th century
Playbills
Field recordings
Writings -- 20th century
Transcripts -- 20th century
Manuscripts for publication
Manuscripts -- 20th century
Color negatives
Negatives -- 20th century
Articles -- 20th century
Citation:
Robert "Mack" McCormick Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.1485
See more items in:
Robert "Mack" McCormick Collection
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep87d0d0dd0-eaee-4e5e-9e87-ebca1a5d86d7
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1485
Online Media:

Workshop for Children: African Culture

Creator:
Anacostia Neighborhood Museum  Search this
Names:
Anacostia Community Museum  Search this
Anacostia Neighborhood Museum  Search this
Collection Creator:
Anacostia Community Museum  Search this
Extent:
1 Sound recording (open reel, 1/4 inch)
Type:
Archival materials
Sound recordings
Music
Place:
Africa
Anacostia (Washington, D.C.)
Washington (D.C.)
United States
Date:
circa 1970
Scope and Contents:
Man leads children in a discussion about cities in West Africa and African culture, including African dance and African drumming. Children participate in a dance and singing lessons. Man also explains how the African talking drum is constructed and how the Yoruba language was reproduced using the talking drum, and shows an example of the Kente cloth of the Ashanti in Ghana. African drumming in the background throughout recording.
Workshop, including music and dance. Part of ACM Education Department Programs Audiovisual Records 1967-2008. Transcribed from physical asset: Percir Borde. Undated.
Local Numbers:
ACMA AV003488-2
Collection Restrictions:
Use of the materials requires an appointment. Some items are not accessible due to obsolete format and playback machinery restrictions. Please contact the archivist at acmarchives@si.edu.
Topic:
African culture  Search this
Music  Search this
Talking drum  Search this
Kente cloth  Search this
Yoruba (African people)  Search this
Ashanti (African people)  Search this
Dance  Search this
African Americans  Search this
Genre/Form:
Sound recordings
Music
Citation:
Workshop for Children: African Culture, Record Group 09-007.7, Anacostia Community Museum Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
ACMA.09-023, Item ACMA AV003488-1
See more items in:
Museum Events, Programs, and Projects, 1967-1989
Museum Events, Programs, and Projects, 1967-1989 / Series ACMA 09-007.7: ACM Education Department Programs Audiovisual Records
Archival Repository:
Anacostia Community Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/qa7a887ff40-8980-4bff-88f8-8d3b6c278dc4
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-acma-09-023-ref1574

Castleton on Hudson -- Baileywyck

Photographer:
Martel, Carolyn  Search this
Owner:
Brown, Martha Deborah  Search this
Provenance:
Fort Orange Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Baileywyck (Castleton on Hudson, New York)
United States -- New York -- Castleton on Hudson
Scope and Contents:
19 digital images (1900, 2018-2019) and 1 file folder (digital).
General:
The Baileywyck property was purchased in 1973 from the estate of the Herrick family, who owned the property since 1847. The home was in serious decay and had no central heating, running water or electricity. Restoration of the home took several years, and at first limited attention was given to "formal' landscaping or development of garden areas other than a vegetable garden. In 1976 and 1977, a pool and deck were installed with some small garden areas. Flagstone areas were added to make access to the house more permanent, and crabapple trees were planted to frame the entry to the property. In 2004 an addition was built on the east side of the house, extending the footprint nearer to an extensively overgrown area between the house and the tenant house. This addition required some grade changes so a retaining wall with steps toward this overgrown area was built. The tenant house was removed in 2006, leaving a large open area prime for garden development.

Beginning in 2007, the current configuration of the gardens developed. Large perennial beds were installed on either side of a lane, which, with the removal of the tenant house, opened a clear path to the rear, tillable acreage of the property. The idea was to "frame" the lane to enhance the pastoral nature of the property. A water feature was added to the right of the lane and over time, the area became much more native in appearance as wildflowers mingled with the perennials in the space. The front of the house was heavily shaded by very old lindens and a maple tree, lending this area to focus on shade perennials, primarily ostrich fern, many varieties of hosta, sweet woodruff and spring ephemerals. Additional smaller gardens were installed around the pool and patio areas, and a border garden formerly around the vegetable garden was enhanced by adding baptisia and peonies to the existing daylilies. The "woodland" and meadow areas continued to develop with the additions of native dogwood, wildflower seeds and transplanted perennials from other gardens as they "outgrew" their space. The intent of the garden is to create a cottage garden environment, one that encourages pollinators, fits the historic nature of the house, and is visually inviting.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Martha D. (Debbie) Brown, (owner, 1973 - ).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Castleton on Hudson  Search this
Agricultural land  Search this
Butterfly gardens  Search this
Cutting gardens  Search this
Historic landscapes  Search this
Kitchen gardens  Search this
Meadows  Search this
Native plant gardens  Search this
Pollinator gardens  Search this
Rose gardens  Search this
Gardening in the shade  Search this
Vegetable gardening  Search this
Water gardens  Search this
Gardening to attract wildlife  Search this
Woodland gardens  Search this
Foundation planting  Search this
Garden borders  Search this
Lawns  Search this
Lily ponds  Search this
Patios  Search this
Swimming pools  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File NY1227
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb60e4a0a5e-8c73-4be0-a10b-2d2f378c7a1b
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref3

Hillsborough -- Montrose

Provenance:
Rumson Garden Club  Search this
Former owner:
Graham, William A.  Search this
Graham, Susan Washington  Search this
Gardener:
Paxton, Thomas  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Montrose (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
United States -- North Carolina -- Orange -- Hillsborough
Scope and Contents:
1 folder and 47 digital images.
General:
A 61-acre property is comprised of woodlands and numerous garden rooms, some with layouts that date back to the mid-19th century. The rock garden has remains of the original rocks and lilies of the valley. A fenced sunny garden behind one of many outbuildings is planted for color. A large kitchen garden has been subdivided but honors the original layout. Newer rooms are called the May Garden, Tropical Garden, Aster Border, Color Garden, Moonlight Garden, Jo's Memorial Garden, and Blue and Yellow Garden. Other early gardens rooms include a serpentine boxwood hedge planted in the 1920's and a circle garden on the approach to the house. Venerable trees include a massive juniper, oaks and redwoods, and the trees and varieties of shrubs complement the 1898 main house on a hill and the woodland garden. There are more than 20 named garden rooms or walks, ten historic outbuildings, and newer features that include cold frames, greenhouses, a lath house that provides shade, and deer fencing around 30 acres. The owners ran a small mail order nursery selling rare plants for about 10 years. In 1930 the Works Progress Administration (WPA) terraced the woodlands to control erosion. In 2001 Montrose was added to The National Register of Historic Places; that same year the owners deeded development rights for 50 acres to the North Carolina Triangle Land Conservancy and began planning a preservation project garden with the Garden Conservancy.

The Woodland Garden was started in 1985 on about 20 terraced acres planted with thousands of bulbs that included daffodils, trilliums, bloodroot, selaginella and wood hyacinths from the owner's mother's garden. Snowdrops proliferate along a walk and in the woods, followed by hellebores, rhododendron, Christmas orchids and cyclamen in August. Maple, beech, oak, sweet gum, hickory and walnut with understory dogwood and redbud provide shade and are filled with the sounds of birds. The informal woodland is the "soul" of the owner's garden. Other features throughout the gardens include a hand-made rustic trellis, antique urns and iron fencing, and large iron utilitarian farm pots that are planted with favorites from year to year.

Persons associated with the garden include: Kirkland (former owner, 1799- ); William A. and Susan Washington Graham and family members (former owners, 1842-1977); Thomas Paxton (landscape gardener, 1842)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Hillsborough  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File NC093
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb603e8ee37-0a01-4669-b4fc-9400bc8f0935
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref32887

Dover Plains -- Copperheads

Provenance:
Millbrook Garden Club  Search this
Former owner:
Losee, William  Search this
De Forest, Isaac N.  Search this
De Forest, Augusta A.  Search this
Barrow, Lawrence  Search this
Johnson, Robert F.  Search this
Johnson, Caroline  Search this
Fuller, Rufus  Search this
Buckley, John  Search this
Buckley, Daniel  Search this
Anderson, Edgar V.  Search this
Middleton, Margaret  Search this
Colwell, Laurence J.  Search this
Rizzolo, Alfred F.  Search this
Rizzolo, Rose  Search this
Gelman, Irving  Search this
Goodstein, Robert  Search this
Goodwin, Jeanne  Search this
Mason:
Corsi, Daryl  Search this
Creator:
Horst, Werner  Search this
Horticulturist:
Pelletier, Amy  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
17 Digital images (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Copperheads (Dover Plains, New York)
United States -- New York -- Dutchess County -- Dover Plains
Scope and Contents:
17 digital images and 1 file folder.
General:
Copperheads sits on a 40 acre property in the town of Washington located in Duchess County, New York. The only evidence of a pre-existing garden was a lone Spirea atop the stone driveway wall and mauve peonies scattered throughout the site. The present owners adapted the old cow paths, building, and barn foundation into their garden.

The present garden began in 2001 when the Greek revival house was moved twelve feet during a major restoration project. The owners adapted sites utilized by the previous farmer owners, prompted by the 150-year old time capsule discovered inside a porch column during the renovation. On the foundation of what was once a storage barn, formal double perennial borders were constructed and enclosed by arborvitae hedges roughly following the outline of the barn. Stone steps lead down into the lower half of the garden, flanked by bronze mastiffs. In the center of the perennial garden is a lily pond. A secondary growth of trees was removed to open the view over the foothills of the Berkshires. To the north of the perennial garden, a pool backed by a Doric column pergola replaces the burnt remnants of an old cow barn. A fountain rests under the pergola smothered in Dutchman's pipe, a reference to the Dutch De Forest family that placed the time capsule in the house column. A cutting garden is located beyond the pool. To the west of the pergola on a steep slope, rubble from another building was uncovered. One side of the stone foundation remains functioning as a wall separating an upper path from a small pinery developed on the slope.

While constructing the house, a deep outhouse pit was uncovered revealing shards of Dutch clay pipes, clay storage jars, animal femurs, flower pots, and hand painted pottery. A boxwood parterre was planted on the outhouse site to be used as a vegetable garden. Before the gate is an iron arch topped with a copperhead snake to support a pair of weeping larch. Beside the carriage house is an apple orchard and fruit cage for growing blueberries. A stone pathway winds through a woods garden, complete with a wooden bench. The allee terminates at an urn and behind it grows a large Hydrangea.

In 2012, a teacup garden, called the "Pan Garden," was installed adjacent to the Daffodil Meadow to the right of the driveway. Boursault rhododendrons form a circle around a single Laburnum tree.

Persons associated with the garden include: William Losee (former owner, pre-1841); Isaac N. and Augusta A. De Forest (former owners, 1841-1856); Lawrence Barrow (former owner, 1856-1859); Robert F. and Caroline Johnson (former owners, 1859-1861); Rufus Fuller (former owner, 1861-1878); John Buckley (former owner, 1878-1917); Daniel Buckley (former owner, 1817-1923); Edgar V. Anderson (former owner, 1923-1945); Margaret Middleton (former owner, 1945-1948); Laurence J. Colwell (former owner, 1948-1959); Alfred F. and Rose Rizzolo (former owners, 1959-1972); Irving Gelman (former owner, 1972-1976); Robert Goodstein and Jeanne Goodwin (former owners, 1976-present); Daryl Corsi (stonemason, 2001-2008); Werner Horst (metal artist, 2008-2012); Amy Pelletier Clark (Horticulturalist, 2010-present).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Dover Plains  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File NY1188
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6aff610fd-309b-49b5-99f5-51ddaf11cbe6
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref32894

[Montrose]: Rock garden with spring woodland flowers and a planted urn.

Photographer:
Brighton, Avery  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Montrose (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
United States -- North Carolina -- Orange -- Hillsborough
Date:
2018 April 18
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Hillsborough  Search this
Rock gardens  Search this
Naturalized plantings  Search this
Urns  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NC093146
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina / NC093: Hillsborough -- Montrose
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6a7294c4e-5f20-4e26-9a6b-a73efbd1f4ea
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33063

[Montrose]: View through the redwood to old boxwood hedge and house.

Photographer:
Brighton, Avery  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file. )
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Montrose (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
United States -- North Carolina -- Orange -- Hillsborough
Date:
2018 April 18
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Hillsborough  Search this
Redwood  Search this
Phlox  Search this
Primroses  Search this
Boxwood  Search this
Houses  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NC093147
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina / NC093: Hillsborough -- Montrose
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6e0775e0e-db4c-4770-a99e-261f98c2e48d
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33064

[Montrose]: In the Scree Garden large cast iron cooking pots are used as planters.

Photographer:
Brighton, Avery  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Montrose (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
United States -- North Carolina -- Orange -- Hillsborough
Date:
2018 April 18
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Hillsborough  Search this
Rock gardens  Search this
Phlox  Search this
Irises (Plants)  Search this
Cactus  Search this
Cookware  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NC093150
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina / NC093: Hillsborough -- Montrose
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb606210264-1b74-4fbd-a1ad-8cb61e11cc48
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33065

[Montrose]: Circa 1835 kitchen outbuilding with an herb and heirloom vegetable garden.

Photographer:
Brighton, Avery  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file. )
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Montrose (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
United States -- North Carolina -- Orange -- Hillsborough
Date:
2018 April 18
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Hillsborough  Search this
Outbuildings  Search this
Boxwood  Search this
Herb gardens  Search this
Fences -- wrought iron  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NC093155
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina / NC093: Hillsborough -- Montrose
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb668910bce-c36f-4991-b665-cd55c9329db9
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33066

[Montrose]: Shade loving plants grow in the lath house.

Photographer:
Brighton, Avery  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Urns
Place:
Montrose (Hillsborough, North Carolina)
United States -- North Carolina -- Orange -- Hillsborough
Date:
2018 April 18
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- North Carolina -- Hillsborough  Search this
Lathhouses  Search this
Gardening in the shade  Search this
Vines  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Urns
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NC093174
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / North Carolina / NC093: Hillsborough -- Montrose
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb67c765259-0eed-4405-9136-ce2e3e73613b
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33067

[Copperheads]: View up the gravel driveway, the Greek Revival-style house overlooks the daffodil meadow.

Photographer:
Goodstein, Robert  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Copperheads (Dover Plains, New York)
United States -- New York -- Dutchess County -- Dover Plains
Date:
2015 April 29
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Dover Plains  Search this
Driveways, gravel  Search this
Daffodils  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NY1188001
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York / NY1188: Dover Plains -- Copperheads
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6efd943a5-3527-41f2-8edc-8bcf3738cec1
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33098

[Copperheads]: Looking East into perennial borders and Arborvitae hedges surrounding lower garden.

Photographer:
de las Heras, Stephen  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Copperheads (Dover Plains, New York)
United States -- New York -- Dutchess County -- Dover Plains
Date:
2013 July 8
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Dover Plains  Search this
Perennials  Search this
Lily ponds  Search this
Hedges  Search this
Thuja  Search this
Sculpture  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NY1188003
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York / NY1188: Dover Plains -- Copperheads
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6cc0ed173-29ba-4f60-99d0-65a5f11e5168
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33099

[Copperheads]: View of kitchen garden in early summer with boxwood framed beds.

Photographer:
Goodstein, Robert  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file. )
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Copperheads (Dover Plains, New York)
United States -- New York -- Dutchess County -- Dover Plains
Date:
2017 May 28
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Dover Plains  Search this
Boxwood  Search this
Arches  Search this
Allium  Search this
Tulips  Search this
Urns  Search this
Sedum  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NY1188007
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York / NY1188: Dover Plains -- Copperheads
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6b259e105-e83f-4494-b4bc-174c41bbcb27
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33100

[Copperheads]: Dutchman's pipe climbs the Doric columned pergola near the pool.

Photographer:
de las Heras, Stephen  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Copperheads (Dover Plains, New York)
United States -- New York -- Dutchess County -- Dover Plains
Date:
2013 July 08
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Dover Plains  Search this
Columns, Doric  Search this
Swimming pools  Search this
Sundials  Search this
Climbing plants  Search this
Pergolas  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NY1188008
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York / NY1188: Dover Plains -- Copperheads
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb666211967-f5e5-45a3-89d8-8749eee6c9db
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33101

[Copperheads]: A wood chip path under arches leads to a planted urn.

Photographer:
Goodstein, Robert  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Digital image (color, JPEG file.)
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Urns
Place:
Copperheads (Dover Plains, New York)
United States -- New York -- Dutchess County -- Dover Plains
Date:
2018 June 1
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Dover Plains  Search this
Arches  Search this
Hosta  Search this
Laburnum  Search this
Walkways  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Urns
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item NY1188014
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York / NY1188: Dover Plains -- Copperheads
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6a01c69e5-0666-41bf-a48c-2263dcc341f2
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33102

Canaan -- Shaker Ridge Woodlands

Photographer:
Deres, Debra A.  Search this
Davies, Helen H.  Search this
Garden designer:
Deres, Debra A.  Search this
Provenance:
Lenox Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Digital images
Place:
Shaker Ridge Woodlands (Canaan, New York)
United States -- New York -- Canaan
Scope and Contents:
28 digital images (2019-2021).
General:
Shaker Ridge Woodlands is located in Canaan, New York. Established in 1990, the 5.6 acre property features many of Frederick Law Olmsted Sr.'s principles: 'Genius of Place' working in harmony with the site's advantages and disadvantages; 'Unified Composition', integrating the natural surroundings; and 'Comprehensive Approach', blending naturally beyond the boundaries with soft edges and connecting pathways. Debra Deres, designer and gardener, has created a garden for all seasons, beautifully integrated into the hilly, wooded property, formerly part of a Shaker settlement.
The garden is continuously blooming and the palette seamlessly changes with each season, depending on which perennials are in bloom. For example, the gardens below the deck and next to the pool have color palettes in May of purple and green, in July of pink, yellow, orange, blue purple, light and dark green with a few touches of red, and in September of yellow, light pink, white, light and dark green.
The design of the garden was challenged by steep slopes, an extended rocky ledge, dry shade, full shade, full sun, and wildlife. A ledge rises above one long side of the pool to create a stunning background with shrubs and perennials amongst the rocks. Rocks added to adjacent areas for design integrity: to be in keeping with the natural topography. The mandatory fence runs behind the ledge and blends unobtrusively into the woodland beyond.
On the other side of the property, new planting areas were created by selectively removing trees, mulching, then planting shade-loving perennials. Several beds ease the transition from lawn to woodland. Each is designed around a clump of trees and features many shapes and hues of green foliage, with spikes of pink and white to draw the eye.  Between and behind them, pathways lead into the native woodlands and beyond to conservation land, formerly part of a Shaker farm.  Some of these trails are marked for hiking and cross-country skiing. Another technique for integration with the surrounding woodland is the use of native shrubs, like wild azaleas and mountain laurels, in the foreground.
Persons associated with the design of this garden include: Debra A. Deres (designer and gardener, 1990- ); Darryl & Leslie's Designs (hardscape, 1996); Kathy Philips (gardener, 2004-2019).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- New York -- Canaan  Search this
Rock gardens  Search this
Woodland gardens  Search this
Birdhouses  Search this
Flower beds  Search this
Swimming pools  Search this
Genre/Form:
Digital images
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File NY1202
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / New York
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb697a230ee-f3fa-4a67-b1b4-de919cc10cbe
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref33264

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