Search Results

Issued by:

United States Armed Forces, American, founded 1775  Search this

Received by:

Second Lieutenant James L. McCullin, American, 1919 - 1943  Search this

Subject of:

Tuskegee Airmen, 1941 - 1946  Search this

99th Pursuit Squadron, American, 1941 - 1949  Search this

Medium:

cardboard , paper, metal and ribbon

Dimensions:

H x W (Medal): 3 × 1 3/8 × 3/16 in. (7.6 × 3.5 × 0.5 cm)

H x W x D (Closed): 1 x 3 1/2 x 6 1/2 in. (2.5 x 8.9 x 16.5 cm)

H x W x D (Open): 7 x 3 1/2 x 6 1/2 in. (17.8 x 8.9 x 16.5 cm)

Type:

cases (containers)

medals

Date:

after 1943

Topic:

African American  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Military  Search this

Tuskegee Airmen  Search this

World War II  Search this

Credit Line:

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift from the McCullin Family, in memory of Second Lieutenant James L. McCullin

Object number:

2013.52.3ab

Restrictions & Rights:

No Known Copyright Restrictions

Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification:

Awards and Medals

Exhibition:

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View:

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source:

National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd50b99ef9d-6b1d-4f6b-8154-036ca7a3874e

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmaahc_2013.52.3ab

Manufactured by:

American Emblem Company, American  Search this

Issued by:

United States Air Force, American, founded 1947  Search this

Owned by:

Dr. Fenton B. Sands, American, 1918 - 1998  Search this

Subject of:

Tuskegee Airmen, 1941 - 1946  Search this

Medium:

sterling silver

Dimensions:

H x W x D: 7/8 × 3 3/16 × 1/2 in. (2.2 × 8.1 × 1.3 cm)

Type:

insignias

Place made:

Utica, Oneida County, New York, United States, North and Central America

Date:

1942-1945

Topic:

African American  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Military  Search this

Tuskegee Airmen  Search this

World War II  Search this

Credit Line:

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of the Sands Family

Object number:

2014.7.14

Restrictions & Rights:

No Known Copyright Restrictions

Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification:

Awards and Medals

Exhibition:

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View:

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source:

National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58f78df0c-6b05-4bb2-a215-c525f896d445

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmaahc_2014.7.14

Manufactured by:

Unidentified  Search this

Issued by:

United States Air Force, American, founded 1947  Search this

Owned by:

Dr. Fenton B. Sands, American, 1918 - 1998  Search this

Subject of:

Tuskegee Airmen, 1941 - 1946  Search this

Medium:

metal

Dimensions:

H x W x D: 1 × 3 1/16 × 5/16 in. (2.5 × 7.8 × 0.8 cm)

Type:

insignias

Date:

1942-1945

Topic:

African American  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Military  Search this

Tuskegee Airmen  Search this

World War II  Search this

Credit Line:

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of the Sands Family

Object number:

2014.7.15

Restrictions & Rights:

No Known Copyright Restrictions

Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification:

Awards and Medals

Exhibition:

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View:

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source:

National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58fcd242a-53b2-4395-85e4-e8313de3332b

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmaahc_2014.7.15

Manufactured by:

Unidentified  Search this

Issued by:

United States Air Force, American, founded 1947  Search this

Owned by:

Dr. Fenton B. Sands, American, 1918 - 1998  Search this

Subject of:

Tuskegee Airmen, 1941 - 1946  Search this

Medium:

sterling silver

Dimensions:

H x W x D: 13/16 × 3 1/16 × 5/16 in. (2.1 × 7.8 × 0.8 cm)

Type:

insignias

Date:

1942-1945

Topic:

African American  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Military  Search this

Tuskegee Airmen  Search this

World War II  Search this

Credit Line:

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of the Sands Family

Object number:

2014.7.16

Restrictions & Rights:

No Known Copyright Restrictions

Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:

National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification:

Awards and Medals

Exhibition:

Double Victory: The African American Military Experience

On View:

NMAAHC (1400 Constitution Ave NW), National Mall Location, Community/Third Floor, 3 053

Data Source:

National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd57628b11a-4e76-40c6-8a0a-b7972b56d344

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmaahc_2014.7.16

Creator:

Curtiss-Wright Corporation  Search this

Names:

Curtiss-Wright Airports Corporation  Search this

Keystone Aircraft Corp  Search this

Extent:

212.29 Cubic feet (598 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Motion pictures (visual works)

Reports

Drawings

Financial records

Date:

1868-1972

bulk 1925-1949

Summary:

This collection consists of the corporate records of the Curtiss-Wright Corporation. Included in the collection are technical and engineering reports of Curtiss-Wright Airplane Division's operations in St. Louis (Robertson), MO (1935-1945) and Buffalo, NY, (1932-1945), as well as AAS Material Division and AAF Air Technical Services Command memorandum reports collected by Curtiss-Wright's St. Louis and Buffalo technical reference libraries. The collection also contains the files of Curtiss-Wright's Patent Department, which hold records of patents filed by Curtiss-Wright and patent-infringement cases involving Curtiss-Wright. Also included in the collection are specifications issued by and photos commissioned by the Keystone Aircraft Corporation (Huff-Daland Airplanes, Inc. until March 1927), which had been acquired by Wright in 1928 along with Loening Aeronautical Engineering Corp., and formed the Keystone Division of Curtiss-Wright until 1932 when Keystone's Bristol, PA factory closed its doors. The collection also contains financial records of the Curtiss-Wright Airports Corporation, which was liquidated in 1936, as well as an extensive negative collection featuring Curtiss-Wright aircraft from the 1930s and 1940s, concentrated especially on the war years.

Scope and Contents:

The Curtiss-Wright Corporation Records collection contains approximately 212 cubic feet of material. The collection contains the following material:

Army Air Service Material Division & Army Air Force Technical Services Command Memo

Reports & Technical Reports which include testing of various Curtiss-Wright models of aircraft and/or various parts of aircraft

Technical & Engineering Reports from the St. Louis, MO plant [Robertson] & Buffalo, NY plant

Patents, Patent Dockets, Patent Serial numbers, Suits, License Agreements, Patents filed by Curtiss-Wright & Patent Infringement Cases [1800s to 1940s]

Miscellaneous Research Files

Corporate & Financial Records [1923 to 1972]

Correspondence

Blueprint Drawings

Advertisements from Newspapers & Magazines in Scrapbooks

Engine Decals

Photographs

Negatives & Glass Plates

Arrangement:

This collection was arranged into Series and Subseries:

Series I: Curtiss-Wright Corporation Records

Subseries I: Corporation Reports\Records Subseries II: Patents Subseries III: Patent Serial Numbers Subseries IV: Patent Application/Dockets Subseries V: Patent Litigation Subseries VI: Aircraft & Engine Designations arranged by Designation Subseries VII: Photographs Subseries VIII: Keystone Aircraft Corporation Subseries IX: Oversize Scrapbooks of Advertising Material, Newspaper Clippings

Series II: Technical Reports

Subseries I: Air Corps Materiel Division, Reports [ACMR] Subseries II: Buffalo Reports Subseries III: St. Louis

Series III: Glass Format Photography

Series IV: 1969 Accretion - Listing of Archival Material

Series V: Master Print Books [this part of the collection has not been processed]

Historical note:

An historic event in aviation occurred on June 26, 1929 when two major aircraft companies: the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company merged with the Wright Aeronautical Corporation to form the Curtiss-Wright Corporation. After this merger, the former Wright organization took over all of the engine and propeller manufacture while Curtiss concentrated on airplanes. This merger was completed by organizing two major divisions under their original names, but under the direction of a corporate headquarters located in New York City. However, there was a recognized separation of spirit as well as specialized facilities that was never completely resolved in succeeding years. The election of former Wright personnel to key corporate positions soon led to Wright becoming the dominant division. At the height of the Lindbergh Boom during the 1920s and 1930s, the Curtiss-Wright Corporation was made up of the following identified organizations: The Curtiss Aeroplane & Motor Company; The Curtiss-Caproni Corporation; The Curtiss-Robertson Airplane Manufacturing Company; The Keystone Aircraft Corporation; The Moth Aircraft Corporation; The Travel Air Manufacturing Company; The Wright Aeronautical Corporation; Curtiss-Wright Flying Service; The Curtiss-Wright Sales Corporation; The Curtiss-Wright Export Corporation. Curtiss-Wright was quickly becoming the 'General Motors of the Air' until the great depression in October 1929. Sales dropped and Curtiss-Wright was forced to close certain satellite plants and transfer some of their product lines to the St. Louis facility. It looked like even the Buffalo plants would also have to close when Curtiss-Wright received an order from Colombia, South America for Hawks and Falcons. This was the largest military order to Curtiss since the war. The Colombia sale saved the Curtiss-Wright organization at this low point in its history. This order kept the production lines going until new military and civil markets began to open up as the depression waned and the build-up for World War II began. During the U.S. military build-up prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor, all existing Curtiss-Wright plants were expanded and new aircraft factories were built at Columbus, Ohio and Louisville, Kentucky. The dropping of the two atomic bombs on Japan resulted in an unexpected early end to World War II. All of the major U.S. airplane builders including Curtiss-Wright were hit by massive contract cancellations because of the Japanese surrender. In 1946 Curtiss-Wright had only two experimental military models at hand for postwar delivery and no assurance of production orders. Curtiss-Wright was forced to shut down all airplane plants and transfer all units of the Aeroplane Division to their Columbus Plant. The eventual sale of the Airplane Division to North American included design rights to the former Curtiss-Wright airplanes. The Curtiss-Wright Airplane Division, which manufactured airframes, finally closed down in 1951.

Provenance:

Curtiss-Wright Corporation, gift, XXXX, 1969

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access.

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Aeronautics  Search this

Curtiss, General, Aircraft  Search this

Aeronautics, Commercial -- United States  Search this

Curtiss-Wright aircraft  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Genre/Form:

Motion pictures (visual works)

Reports

Drawings

Financial records

Citation:

Curtiss-Wright Corporation Records, Acc. XXXX-0067, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.XXXX.0067

See more items in:

Curtiss-Wright Corporation Records

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg21b19fbef-7db3-4c81-be86-3bb02ecbfee0

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0067

Creator:

Webb, William  Search this

Names:

Mitchell, William, 1879-1936  Search this

Extent:

.51 Cubic feet (1 flatbox)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographs

Clippings

Date:

1925-1926

Summary:

Colonel William Lendrum "Billy" Mitchell (1879-1936) of the U.S. Army Air Service, a leading proponent of air power, was court-martialed for insubordination in October – December 1925 after publically criticizing the Navy and War Departments. This collection consists of two scrapbooks of material relating to the court-martial by William Webb, a member of Mitchell's defense team.

Scope and Contents:

This collection was created by William Webb, a member of Colonel William L. "Billy" Mitchell's the defense team for his 1925 court-martial. The collection consists of two scrapbooks containingcontain photographs of Mitchell, Mitchell's family, the defense team, and witnesses; newspaper articles on the trial; and courtroom sketches.

Arrangement:

The collection consists of one flatbox containing two scrapbooks; the contents were arranged by the donor.

Biographical / Historical:

An active participant in American military aviation since its beginnings, Colonel William L. "Billy" Mitchell (1879-1936) was closely involved in shaping air policy and air defense strategy in the 1920s. Mitchell publically criticized the Navy and War Departments in the wake of the crash of the U.S. Navy rigid airship "Shenandoah" on September 3, 1925. His actions resulted in a court-martial held from October – December 1925 for insubordination and "Conduct of a nature to bring discredit upon the military service." Mitchell was found guilty and was sentenced to "Suspension from rank, command, and duty with forfeiture of all pay and allowances for five years." Mitchell resigned from the Army on February 1, 1926. He remained a public voice for air power until his death on February 19, 1936. In 2003, Congress voted to posthumously commission William L. Mitchell as a major general in the Army.

Provenance:

Mrs. William Webb, Gift, 1991, NASM.1992.0013

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Bombing, Aerial  Search this

Courts-martial and courts of inquiry  Search this

Air pilots  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Air defenses -- United States  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Clippings

Citation:

William Mitchell Trial Scrapbooks, Acc. 1992.0013, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.1992.0013

See more items in:

William Mitchell Trial Scrapbooks

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg28c55fc5e-ecb0-42ba-b10e-c7b883fc8ab1

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-1992-0013

Author:

Adwill, James  Search this

Physical description:

iii, 92 pages illustrations 24 cm

Type:

Books

Date:

1969

Topic:

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Helicopters  Search this

Military aeronautics  Search this

Aéronautique militaire  Search this

Hélicoptères  Search this

helicopters  Search this

Call number:

TL716 .A24

TL716.A24

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_3022

Author:

Bott, Alan 1893-1952  Search this

Physical description:

xxii, 266 pages frontispiece (portrait) 20 cm

Type:

Books

Date:

1918

Topic:

World War, 1914-1918--Aerial operations  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Call number:

D602 .B62 1918X

D602.B62 1918X

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_53903

Creator:

Wynn, Edward J., 1914-  Search this

Names:

Pan American World Airways, Inc.  Search this

Royal Canadian Air Force  Search this

Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc.  Search this

United States. Army Air Forces. Air Transport Command  Search this

Wynn, Edward J., 1914-  Search this

Extent:

0.23 Cubic feet (1 flatbox; 1 folder)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photograph albums

Publications

Date:

1939-[ca. 1940s]

Summary:

Edgar J. Wynn (1913--1947) was a barnstormer and civilian air transport pilot who served in both the Royal Canadian Air Force and later the US Air Force. This collection consists of several copies of a publication written by Wynn as well as a photo album.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of several copies of Edgar J. Wynn's So You're Going to Fly the Big Stuff and a photo album. The album measures approximately 10 x 11 inches and contains images dating mainly from 1939 to 1941, many taken in Canada or New York. The album also contains extensive captioning by Wynn. Aircraft shown in the album include the Luscombe Model 8; Waco F-2; Douglas DC-3; Consolidated B-24 Liberator; North American Harvard; and the Sikorsky S-42 Clipper.

Arrangement:

Collection is arranged by type of material.

Biographical / Historical:

Edgar J. Wynn (1913--1947) learned to fly at age 16, and barnstormed in the east and middle west of the United States until the outbreak of World War II. In 1940 Wynn joined the Royal Canadian Air Force, where he was an instructor. After a few months, however, Wynn resigned his commission to take a job as a civilian ferry pilot. After forty-odd flights across the North Atlantic as a ferry pilot, he shifted to Pan American Airways (Pan Am) where he ferried bombers to Africa by the South Atlantic Route. He later switched to Trans World Airlines (TWA) where he had the privilege of piloting Eleanor Roosevelt. After his stint with TWA he became a captain in the US Air Force Air Transport Command. Wynn wrote several books about flying transport aircraft including Bombers Across and So You're Going to Fly the Big Stuff.

Provenance:

Gardette L. Cumpston, Gift, 1993, NASM.1993.0029.

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Air pilots  Search this

Airplanes -- Ferrying  Search this

Aeronautics, Commercial  Search this

Aeronautics -- Exhibitions  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photograph albums

Publications

Citation:

Edgar J. Wynn Collection, NASM.1993.0029, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.1993.0029

See more items in:

Edgar J. Wynn Collection

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg259ddc3ee-4002-46ed-854c-bbc106ce6345

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-1993-0029

Creator:

Scott, James  Search this

Extent:

0.03 Cubic feet (1 folder)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

1971-1974

Summary:

James Scott served in the US Army, 1st Battalion, 11th Infantry, 1st Brigade (Separate), 5th Infantry Division during the Vietnam War/ Following his tour in Vietnam, Scott was transferred to the 173rd Airborne Brigade (later deactivated and redesignated as the 3rd Brigade (Airborne), 101st Airborne Division (Air Mobile)) and went with that unit to Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Scott was an infantry captain on the team which created the 101st Airborne Division Air Assault School in 1973. This collection consists of thirty-one 35mm color slides documenting James Scott's service with the US Army.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of thirty-one 35mm color slides documenting James Scott's service with the US Army. Nine of the images are from Scott's time with the 1st Battalion, 11th Infantry, 1st Brigade, 5th Infantry Division during the Vietnam War. Five were taken during an assault by the 1/11 infantry on the abandoned Khe Sanh Combat Base at the initiation of Operation DEWEY CANYON II on January 30, 1971. The other four images from Vietnam are views taken from helicopters flying in the region of Khe Sanh. The remaining twenty-two slides in the collection were taken at the 101st Airborne Division Air Assault School at Fort Campbell, Kentucky in 1973--1974 and show various training and aircraft familiarization activities. Several show the experimental Helicopter Tree Landing Platform (HTLP). Aircraft shown in the photographs include the Bell UH-1 Iroquois (Huey), Sikorsky (S-64A) CH-54A Tarhe (Skycrane), Boeing-Vertol CH-47A Chinook, Bell AH-1 Cobra, and the Bell OH-58 Kiowa.

Arrangement:

Collection is in original order. It was organized by the donor in two series - images taken in Vietnam and images taken at the 101st Airborne Division Air Assault School at Fort Campbell, Kentucky.

Biographical / Historical:

James Scott served in the US Army, 1st Battalion, 11th Infantry, 1st Brigade (Separate), 5th Infantry Division during the Vietnam War. On January 30, 1971, Scott's Battalion was the lead unit to move into the abandoned Khe Sanh Combat Base, while encountering limited enemy contact en route, as part of Operation DEWEY CANYON II. This allowed for an airstrip to be established at Khe Sahn to serve as a support base for Operation LAM SON 719, an offensive campaign to cut enemy supply lines and clear the way for an invasion of Laos by the Republic of Vietnam. Following his tour in Vietnam, Scott was transferred to the 173rd Airborne Brigade (later deactivated and redesignated as the 3rd Brigade (Airborne), 101st Airborne Division (Air Mobile)) and went with that unit to Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Scott was an infantry captain on the team which created the 101st Airborne Division Air Assault School in 1973. James Scott earned Senior Parachute Wings, was awarded the Combat Infantry Badge, the Bronze Star, and the Army Commendation Medal, before leaving active duty with the US Army in 1975 at the rank of captain. Following his military career, Scott was a civilian employee with the Department of Defense including work at the US Army Missile Command at Redstone Arsenal, Alabama and the Naval Air Systems Command in Arlington, Virginia.

Provenance:

James Scott, Gift, 2022, NASM.2023.0004.

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Vietnam War, 1961-1975  Search this

Bell UH-1 Iroquois (Huey) Series  Search this

Boeing-Vertol CH-47A Chinook,  Search this

Citation:

Vietnam War and Air Assault School Color Slides [Scott], NASM.2023.0004, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.2023.0004

See more items in:

Vietnam War and Air Assault School Color Slides [Scott]

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg21f90f7f9-20ca-4c70-8288-59c160f7c62a

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-2023-0004

Extent:

0.05 Cubic feet (1 folder, 9 x 12 inch booklet (56 pages))

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Place:

Baltimore (Md.) -- 1920-1930

Chesapeake Bay Region (Md. and Va.) -- history

Date:

1925

Summary:

This collection consists of a souvenir program, missing its front and back covers, from the 1925 Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider (Jacques Schneider Maritime Aviation Cup) seaplane races held on October 24, 1925, in Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of a copy of "Jacques Schneider International Seaplane Races, Baltimore, U.S.A., Bay Shore Park, October 24, 1925" issued by The Flying Club of Baltimore (Baltimore, Maryland) as the official program for the 1925 Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider (Jacques Schneider Maritime Aviation Cup) races held on October 24 in Baltimore, Maryland. The 12 by 9 inch program (56 pages) is missing its front and back covers. Several pages have been annotated in black ink by an unidentified hand, including a scorecard on page 23.

Arrangement:

Pages are reproduced in numerical order.

Biographical / Historical:

In 1912, Jacques Schneider (1879-1928), a wealthy French industrialist and aviation enthusiast, established the Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider (Jacques Schneider Maritime Aviation Trophy), a competition to encourage the development of hydroaeroplanes (aircraft capable of taking off from and landing on the surface of the water such as seaplanes, floatplanes, and flying boats). The first race, in 1913, was held at Monaco; the rules dictated that the winner's country would host the following year's race. To retain the trophy, a competitor needed to win three races within a five-year period. Schneider's hope was that the competition would foster technical developments which would aid civil aviation, but by the 1920s the Schneider Trophy races had become speed competitions. Aircraft manufacturers Curtiss (United States), Supermarine (United Kingdom), Macchi (Italy) and others were encouraged by their native countries to develop designs specifically for the Schneider Trophy competitions. The 8th Schneider Trophy race—the first set to take place in the United States—was planned for 1924 but was postponed a year due to a lack of competitors. By 1925, aircraft specifically designed for the race were ready to compete on a triangular course laid out over the Chesapeake Bay near Baltimore, Maryland. On October 26, 1925, US Army Lt. James H. "Jimmy" Doolittle flew the Curtiss R3C-2 to victory for the United States with an average speed of 374 km/h (232.17 mph). The next day he flew the R3C-2 over a straight course at a world-record speed of 395 km/h (245.7 mph). A Macchi design (Macchi M.39) won the race in 1926, passing the trophy back to Italy. Supermarine designs won the 1927 (Supermarine S.5), 1929 (Supermarine S.6), and 1931 (Supermarine S.6B) competitions to permanently secure the Schneider Trophy for the United Kingdom.

Related Materials:

A heavily annotated copy of the program—which includes the missing covers—can be found in the Samuel Donovan "Don" Swann Collection, NASM.1987.0062, Box 1, Folder 9, Program, Jacques Schneider Cup International Seaplanes Races [annotated], NASM-9A20016.

Provenance:

Transfer from NASM Aeronautics Department, 2010, NASM.XXXX.0565.0095

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Aeronautics  Search this

Aeronautics -- Competitions  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Airplanes  Search this

Air pilots  Search this

Seaplanes  Search this

advertising -- 20th century  Search this

Citation:

Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider (Jacques Schneider Maritime Aviation Cup) Souvenir Program, Acc. NASM.XXXX.0565.0095, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.XXXX.0565.0095

See more items in:

1925 Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider (Jacques Schneider Maritime Aviation Cup) Souvenir Program

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg20a7b118b-4ccd-4504-98e1-89ff62fdf985

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0565-0095

Creator:

Haydu, Bernice Falk  Search this

Names:

Avenger Field -- Sweetwater, TX  Search this

United States. Army Air Forces  Search this

United States. Army. Air Corps  Search this

Women Airforce Service Pilots (U.S.)  Search this

Cochran, Jacqueline  Search this

Haydu, Bernice Falk  Search this

Extent:

0.2 Cubic feet (1 letter document box, partial)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Rosters

Photographs

Songbooks

Newsletters

Date:

1944-1982

bulk 1944-1949

Summary:

During World War II, members of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) ferried planes, towed anti-aircraft artillery training targets, flew tracking, simulated bombing missions, performed radio control, flight tested aircraft, gave instrument instruction and performed many other duties. Their work allowed more men to participate in aviation combat roles. Bernice Falk Haydu (1920-2021) was a member of WASP class 44-7. This collection contains yearbooks, membership rosters, songbooks, photographs, correspondence, etc. from her WASP career.

Scope and Contents:

This collection contains documents from Bernice Falk Haydu's career with the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP). Materials include yearbooks, membership rosters, songbooks, photographs, correspondence and calling cards, and Falk's civilian employee pass for Pecos Army Air Field.

Arrangement:

Arranged by type of material.

Biographical / Historical:

With the entry of the United States into World War II, many American women pilots longed to volunteer their skills to serve their country but were barred from flying for the US military due to their gender. Some American women pilots, including well-known racing pilot Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran, had already offered their services to the British Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA), ferrying aircraft from the manufacturers to and between air bases and freeing up male Royal Air Force (RAF) pilots for other duties. Cochran's experience with the ATA led her to lobby long and hard for a similar organization in the US. Initially, two organizations were formed to allow American women pilots to participate in the war effort. On September 10, 1942, the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS), consisting of commercially licensed women pilots under the leadership of Nancy Harkness Love, was created as part of the US Army Air Corps' Air Transport Command. On November 16, 1942, a women pilot training program designed to supply pilots for the WAFS was begun under Cochran's leadership as the Women's Flying Training Detachment (WFTD). Initially based at Howard Hughes Municipal Airport in Houston, Texas, the WFTD was soon moved to Avenger Field at Sweetwater, Texas. On August 5, 1943, the WAFS and the WFTD were merged to form the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP), with Cochran as director of the WASP and its training division and Love as director of the ferrying division. Between November 17, 1942, and December 7, 1944, the 1,074 women who earned WASP wings flew 60 million miles for the US Army Air Corps. From light aircraft, the WASPs advanced quickly to fly every type of Air Corps aircraft in use at the time. Except for aerial gunnery and formation flying, these women received the same training as the male pilots. WASPs ferried planes, towed anti-aircraft artillery training targets, flew tracking, simulated bombing missions, performed radio control, flight tested aircraft, gave instrument instruction and performed many other duties. Their work allowed more men to participate in aviation combat roles.

Bernice Falk Haydu (1920-2021) was a member of WASP class 44-7. Known as Bee Falk at the time, she volunteered for the civilian Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) in early 1944 because she loved flying and wanted to help the war effort. She trained for seven months at Avenger Field in Sweetwater, Texas, where she logged 210 hours in various aircraft. She went on to serve at Pecos Army Airfield as an engineering test pilot and a utility pilot before the WASP program was canceled in December 1944. After the war, she worked as a freelance flight instructor, ferry pilot, and later owned a Cessna dealership and flight school. Haydu served as president of the WASP alumni association, Order of the Fifinella, between 1975-78, spearheading efforts for recognition for the WASP. In 1977, the WASP were granted military veteran status. Haydu was one of three surviving WASP to stand beside President Obama in 2009 as he awarded the Congressional Gold Medal to the WASP for their service during World War II.

Provenance:

Bernice Falk Haydu, Gift, 1987, NASM.1987.0077

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Miss Fifinella (Fictitious character)  Search this

Women and the military  Search this

Women in aeronautics  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

World War, 1939-1945  Search this

World War, 1939-1945 -- Aerial operations  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Genre/Form:

Rosters

Photographs

Songbooks

Newsletters

Citation:

Women's Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) Collection, NASM.1987.0077, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.1987.0077

See more items in:

Women's Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) Collection

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg23f252343-fdbb-4f6f-b6ad-04b0f02684e9

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-1987-0077

Creator:

Northrop Corp  Search this

Names:

Northrop Corp  Search this

Extent:

0.33 Cubic feet (1 flatbox)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photograph albums

Date:

1974

Summary:

The Northrop YF-17, unveiled in April 1974, was a prototype jet fighter developed for the USAF's lightweight fighter program. This collection consists of two photograph albums pertaining to the YF-17, prepared by Northrop Corporation.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of two photograph albums pertaining to the Northrop YF-17 prepared by Northrop Corporation, Aircraft Division. The first is entitled: "Roll Out Ceremonies, United States Air Force / Northrop YF-17, April 4, 1974" and documents that event with items including color photographs of the aircraft, speakers, and festivities, and a copy of the invitation. The second album is entitled: "Flight Test Progress, United States Air Force / Northrop YF-17" and documents the first several flights of the aircraft. The album mainly contains captioned color photographs, but also includes a summary of the first five flights. Both albums contain a letter from Roy P. Jackson to George Gore that accompanied the albums when they were initially sent to Gore and contain some additional information.

Arrangement:

Collection is in chronological order.

Biographical / Historical:

The Northrop YF-17, unveiled in April 1974, was a prototype jet fighter developed for the USAF's lightweight fighter program. Powered by two General Electric J101 Turbojet engines, the YF-17 was a twin-tail aircraft with short swept wings. Northrop YF-17 No. 001 (A/C No. 01569) made its first flight on June 9, 1974 with Northrop Chief Test Pilot Henry E. "Hank" Chouteau at the controls. In total, two prototype Northrop YF-17 aircraft were built.

George Gore was a longtime Vice President and General Counsel for Northrop Corporation. The albums in this collection originally belonged to Gore and were sent to him by Roy P. Jackson, Northrop Corporate Vice President and Program Manager for the F-17 Program.

Provenance:

Rex Hardy, Gift, 1995, NASM.1995.0050.

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Jet planes, Military  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Northrop YF-17  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photograph albums

Citation:

Northrop YF-17 Photograph Albums, NASM.1995.0050, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.1995.0050

See more items in:

Northrop YF-17 Photograph Albums

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg217ecd45f-1291-4e09-a459-891986992cae

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-1995-0050

Extent:

0.05 Cubic feet (1 folder, 7 photographs, 2 documents)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

bulk 1926-1955

2003

Summary:

This collection consists of six black and white photographs of renowned Italian aviator Mario de Bernardi and one color photograph of his daughter Fiorenza de Bernardi, the first Italian woman commercial airline pilot. The collection also includes an informational document for each of the de Bernardis.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of six black and white digital print photographs of Mario de Bernardi along with an information page on him. The collection also includes one color digital print photograph and a photocopy of an article on his daughter, Fiorenza de Bernardi, the first Italian woman commercial airline pilot and an advocate for women's aviation opportunities.

Arrangement:

Materials are grouped by type; photographs are presented online in chronological order.

Biographical / Historical:

Mario de Bernardi, a renowned Italian aviator (1893-1959), received his wings in 1913 when serving with the Italian Army Service in the Baracca Squadron. De Bernardi was an experimental test pilot, aerobatic pilot, and racer, who won the Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider (Jacques Schneider Maritime Aviation Cup) at Hampton Roads, Virginia, in 1926 and the High Acrobatics Competition at the National Air Races in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1931. In 1940 he made test flights of the first Italian jet aircraft, the Caproni-Campini CC.2 (also known as the Camproni Campini N.1). He continued to fly until 1959 when he died following a heart attack suffered during an aerobatic flight.

Provenance:

Fiorenza de Bernardi, gift, 2004; via Smithsonian Institution Libraries, transfer, 2018; NASM.2018.0020.0005

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Aeronautics  Search this

Aeronautics, Commercial  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Aeronautics -- Competitions  Search this

Airplanes  Search this

Air pilots  Search this

Women air pilots  Search this

Citation:

Major Mario de Bernardi Photographs, Acc. NASM.2018.0020.0005, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.2018.0020.0005

See more items in:

Major Mario de Bernardi Photographs

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2eb1d7ab3-116e-44af-980c-e8190b0d38c0

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-2018-0020-0005

Creator:

Noggle, Anne, 1922-  Search this

Names:

Women Airforce Service Pilots (U.S.)  Search this

Extent:

.28 Cubic feet (One flat box)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Date:

1938-1945

Summary:

This collection consists of 35 reprints of historical images gathered for Anne Noggle's books, For God, Country, and the Thrill of It: Women Airforce Service Pilots in World War II (published 1990) and A Dance with Death: Soviet Airwomen in World War II (published 1994).

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of 35 large-format black and white photographic reprints of historical images gathered for Anne Noggle's books, For God, Country, and the Thrill of It: Women Airforce Service Pilots in World War II and A Dance with Death: Soviet Airwomen in World War II. From For God, Country and the Thrill of it there are 21 images (including nine not used in the book) relating to training of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs) at Sweetwater, Texas. From A Dance with Death there are 12 images (including two not used in the book) relating to Soviet air personnel assigned to the 588th Night Bomber Regiment (later renamed the 46th "Taman" Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, also nicknamed by the Germans as die Nachthexen or "Night Witches"), the 125th Guards Bomber Regiment, and the 586th Fighter Regiment (Air Defense). Women pilots pictured include Marina Raskova, Lydia (Lilya) Litvyak, Anna Timofeyeva-Yegorova, and other Heroes of the Soviet Union.

Arrangement:

Photographs are arranged into two series; Series 1 consists of photographs relating to WASP training at Avanger Field, Sweetwater, Texas; Series 2 consists of Soviet World War II photographs. Folders containing photographs used in Noggle's books are arranged in page number order.

Biographical / Historical:

With the entry of the United States into World War II, many American women pilots longed to volunteer their skills to serve their country but were barred from flying for the US military due to their gender. Some American women pilots, including well-known racing pilot Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran, had already offered their services to the British Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA), ferrying aircraft from the manufacturers to and between air bases and freeing up male Royal Air Force (RAF) pilots for other duties. Cochran's experience with the ATA led her to lobby long and hard for a similar organization in the US. Initially, two organizations were formed to allow American women pilots to participate in the war effort. On September 10, 1942, the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS), consisting of commercially licensed women pilots under the leadership of Nancy Harkness Love, was created as part of the US Army Air Corps' Air Transport Command. On November 16, 1942, a women pilot training program designed to supply pilots for the WAFS was begun under Cochran's leadership as the Women's Flying Training Detachment (WFTD). Initially based at Howard Hughes Municipal Airport in Houston, Texas, the WFTD was soon moved to Avenger Field at Sweetwater, Texas. On August 5, 1943, the WAFS and the WFTD were merged to form the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP), with Cochran as director of the WASP and its training division and Love as director of the ferrying division. Between November 17, 1942, and December 7, 1944, the 1,074 women who earned WASP wings flew 60 million miles for the US Army Air Corps. From light aircraft, the WASPs advanced quickly to fly every type of Air Corps aircraft in use at the time. Except for aerial gunnery and formation flying, these women received the same training as the male pilots. WASPs ferried planes, towed anti-aircraft artillery training targets, flew tracking, simulated bombing missions, performed radio control, flight tested aircraft, gave instrument instruction and performed many other duties. Their work allowed more men to participate in aviation combat roles.

The Russian Civil War which followed the Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917 provided new opportunities for women in previously male-dominated areas; Marxist ideology considered men and women to be equal citizens in both rights and responsibilities. Aviation became increasingly popular in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) throughout the 1920s and 1930s, with many women receiving training alongside men in aviation and aircraft mechanics through local aero clubs. In September 1938, three Soviet women made a record-setting long distance flight across the Soviet Union in the Tupolev (ANT-37bis) DB-2B "Rodina" ("Motherland"). The previous year, Marina Raskova, navigator for the flight, had become the first female staff instructor at the Zhukhovski Air Academy; Raskova later trained as a pilot and became a popular role model for young women who went on to serve as military pilots and navigators during World War II. After the Nazis invaded the USSR in June 1941, Raskova was able to convince Soviet leaders that women were a valuable asset and could play a useful military role. Young women recruited to join the 122nd Composite Air Group were sent to the Engels Military Aviation School where they were divided into four groups to train as pilots, navigators, mechanics, or armorers, based on their previous experience. They received the same training as the male recruits. In early 1942, three regiments which had been formed out of the 122nd Composite Air Group were activated: the 586th Fighter Regiment (Air Defense), the 587th Bomber Aviation Regiment (later renamed as the 125th Guards Bomber Regiment), and the 588th Night Bomber Regiment (later renamed the 46th "Taman" Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, also nicknamed by the Germans as die Nachthexen or "Night Witches"). By the end of the war the three regiments had flown a combined total of over 30,000 combat sorties, and many of the airwomen had been awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for their wartime service.

Anne Noggle (1922--2005) was a fine art photographer recognized for her feminist artwork on women, aging, and self-portraiture. Noggle served as a Woman Airforce Service (WASP) pilot from 1943--1944, was a stunt pilot and crop duster after the war, and was a captain in the Air Force from 1953--1959. Noggle remained an active pilot throughout her lifetime. At 38 years old, Noggle pursued a college education and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in art and art history, and a Master of Arts degree in photography from the University of New Mexico. She was the curator of photography at the New Mexico Museum of Art from 1970--1976 and taught photography as an adjunct professor at the University of New Mexico 1970--1984, which is recognized for their prestigious photography program. Noggle received numerous awards for her photographic work, including a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts and a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship. Her work is in the permanent collections of the New Mexico Museum of Art, Albuquerque Museum, California Museum of Photography, Denver Art Museum, Minneapolis Institute of the Art, the National Gallery of Canada, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Harn Museum at the University of Florida in Gainesville, and the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas in Austin. Noggle also was the author of several books, including For God, Country, and the Thrill of It: Women Airforce Service Pilots in World War II, and A Dance with Death: Soviet Airwomen in World War II, which featured her portrait photography of the women fliers.

Related Materials:

The Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Art Collection includes 117 print photographs created by photographer Anne Noggle.

Provenance:

Anne Noggle Foundation, Gift, 2021, NASM.2021.0014

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Women air pilots  Search this

World War, 1939-1945  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Women -- Soviet Union -- History  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographic prints

Citation:

Women's Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) and Soviet Women Pilots Photographs [Noggle], Acc. NASM.2021.0014, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.2021.0014

See more items in:

Women's Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) and Soviet Women Pilots Photographs [Noggle]

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg27b54ea0f-fdc1-495c-99bd-4a838e21ee1f

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-2021-0014

Creator:

Gaunt, Mary White  Search this

Extent:

0.39 Cubic feet (1 letter size document box)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Scrapbooks

Correspondence

Notebooks

Date:

1942-1946, 1960s

Summary:

Mary White Gaunt served in the US Army Air Forces (USAAF) during World War II as an air evacuation nurse was later a nurse at Wilford Hall medical facility at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, where she cared for National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astronaut Alan Bean following surgery he had there. This collection consists of material relating to Gaunt's career including, military records, two small pocket notebooks where Gaunt kept notes on her missions, a scrapbook documenting Gaunt's time stationed in the United States, and a second scrapbook documenting her time stationed in England. The collection also includes a packet of material sent to Gaunt by astronaut Alan Bean following his post-surgery recovery at Wilford Hall medical facility at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, where Gaunt was his nurse. The packet includes a letter from Bean to Gaunt thanking her for her excellent care; a signed photo of Bean; some photos of other astronauts; and some National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) publications.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of approximately 0.39 cubic feet of material relating to Mary White Gaunt and her World War II service in the US Army Air Forces (USAAF) as an air evacuation nurse. Types of materials in the collection include copies of her military records, two small pocket notebooks where Gaunt kept notes on her missions, a scrapbook documenting Gaunt's time stationed in the United States, and a second scrapbook documenting her time stationed in England. The scrapbooks contain mainly captioned photographs, but they also include some news clippings and ephemera. The collection also includes a packet of material sent to Gaunt by astronaut Alan Bean following his post-surgery recovery at Wilford Hall medical facility at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, where Gaunt was his nurse. The packet includes a letter from Bean to Gaunt thanking her for her excellent care; a signed photo of Bean inscribed, "To Mary Gaunt -- The best nurse ever...anywhere;" some photos of other astronauts; and some National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) publications.

Arrangement:

Collection is arranged by type of material.

Biographical / Historical:

Mary White Gaunt served in the US Army Air Forces (USAAF) during World War II as an air evacuation nurse. She had worked as a night supervisor nurse at Midway Hospital in St. Paul, Minnesota for a little over three years before joining the military in March 1941. Gaunt completed training at the Army Air Forces School of Air Evacuation and served in the United States including time in Colorado, at Camp Grant, Illinois, and as assistant chief nurse at Truax Field, Wisconsin. Gaunt was sent overseas in December 1943 where she was stationed at USAAF Station 489 (Royal Air Force Cottesmore), England and later transferred to USAAF Station 486 (Royal Air Force Greenham Common), England. During her service with the USAAF, which included assignment to the 811th and 816th Medical Air Evacuation Transportation Squadrons, Gaunt completed 99 combat sorties and 6 transatlantic air evacuation missions and participated in the following battles and campaigns: Normandy, Northern France, Ardennes, Rhineland, and Central Europe. Gaunt separated from the USAAF in February 1946 at the rank of captain. In the 1960s, Gaunt was a nurse at Wilford Hall medical facility at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, where she cared for National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astronaut Alan Bean following surgery he had there.

Provenance:

Melissa Furman, Gift, 2022, NASM.2022.0028.

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Women in aeronautics  Search this

Nurses  Search this

World War, 1939-1945  Search this

Military records -- 20th century -- United States  Search this

Genre/Form:

Scrapbooks

Correspondence

Notebooks

Citation:

Mary White Gaunt Air Evacuation Nurse Materials, NASM.2022.0028, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.2022.0028

See more items in:

Mary White Gaunt Air Evacuation Nurse Materials

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2a0c697e5-dfcc-4eb1-ba4b-4fe98f13508a

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-2022-0028

Creator:

United States. Office of Naval Research  Search this

Extent:

0.2 Cubic feet (1 slim letter document box)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Slides (35mm transparencies)

Date:

1947-1951

Summary:

Recognition slides were one of the methods used in the 1940s and 1950s to train service personnel in the identification of aircraft types, as well as ship types. This collection consists of 102 glass-mounted black and white 35 mm recognition training slides with related documents issued by the Office of Naval Research Special Devices Center in Port Washington, New York.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of 102 glass-mounted black and white 35 mm recognition training slides with related documents. The material was issued by the Office of Naval Research Special Devices Center in Port Washington, New York, as "Device 5-QQ-2a, November 1951 Slide Supplement, to Devices 5-QQ-1, and 5-QQ-2 Recognition Slide Kits." Included with the unused replacement slide set is a booklet of perforated gummed stickers and a form in the shape of a mailing card. The user was expected to remove each sticker from the booklet, wet the back of the sticker to activate the gummed adhesive, then place the sticker over the outdated image in the basic recognition training set's printed material. Instructions on the sticker booklet note that 'Slides having the prefix "x" are replacements for obsolete slides in the basic kits. Obsolete slides should be removed and destroyed.' Pages of gummed paper stickers in the booklet are separated by glassine pages; the gummed side of the stickers have adhered to the glassine. The last page of stickers is detached from the booklet and has become adhered to one side of the "Special Devices Maintenance Report" form; the two stickers originally at the right side of the page appear to have been torn off and were not received as part of the donation. While the contents are officially listed as "100 Recognition Slides" the collection was received with 102 slides; several slides are duplicates.

Arrangement:

Materials are grouped by format. Slides are arranged in numerical order.

Biographical / Historical:

In a combat situation, the ability to identify an aircraft quickly and accurately as friend or foe is of paramount importance. In World War I, national insignia were used for the first time to identify military aircraft used by the combatants. These insignia could be hard to spot when an aircraft in flight was seen silhouetted against a bright sky, so visual aircraft recognition training materials began to emphasize the shape of an aircraft as seen from different angles. The WEFT system, based on study of the shapes and locations of an aircraft's Wings, Engines, Fuselage, and Tail, was developed by the British just prior to and during World War II and made extensive use of three-view (bottom, front, side) silhouettes of aircraft. The WEFT system of recognition training was adopted by the US Navy and the US Army Air Corps in 1941. In 1942, a different approach to training was developed by Samuel Renshaw of Ohio State University; Renshaw's concept presented students with a brief "flash" view of an aircraft on a screen, forcing them to concentrate on the overall shape of the aircraft (whole image) rather than studying individual components (image analysis). Still picture film slides could be used both for initial identification training based on the WEFT system as well as for Renshaw-style "flash" viewing to improve recognition speed. Film slides created specifically for recognition training were typically produced with a printed cardboard frame identifying the subject of the slide sandwiched between thin glass sheets designed to both protect the film image from repeated handling and from the intense heat produced by the incandescent light sources used in slide projectors. The Office of Naval Research Special Devices Center in Port Washington, New York, produced several slide-based recognition training devices for the US military during the Cold War period following World War II.

Provenance:

Mark Kahn, gift, 2023, NASM.2023.0022

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.

Topic:

Aeronautics  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Airplanes  Search this

Cold War -- 1950-1970  Search this

Genre/Form:

Slides (35mm transparencies)

Citation:

Aircraft Recognition Slides [Kahn], Acc. NASM.2023.0022, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.2023.0022

See more items in:

Aircraft Recognition Slides [Kahn]

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2678582c3-36f9-41bb-94dd-5ef985174b42

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-2023-0022

Creator:

De Haan, Larry  Search this

Names:

Wright Field, Ohio  Search this

Extent:

.01 Cubic feet (18 print photographs, 17 film negatives)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Negatives

Photographs

Date:

October 13-14, 1945

Summary:

In October 1945, Wright Field, Ohio, sponsored an Army Air Forces Fair, presented by the Air Technical Service Command, which allowed the public to observe displays of the US Army Air Forces' operational and experimental aircraft as well as German and Japanese aircraft captured during World War II. This collection consists of 18 photographs (17 negatives and one print) taken at the fair.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of seventeen 2.75 x 4.5 inch black and white negatives, with corresponding digital inkjet print enlargements, of military aircraft on display at the US Army Air Forces Fair at Wright Field, Ohio, held October 13-14, 1945. Also included is one digital inkjet print photograph of American Philip E. Johnson posed with Charles Chung, head of Chinese aircraft procurement and support of the American Volunteer Group (AVG) and Liang Po, a Chinese engineer sent to the United States to learn about various aircraft parts repair and servicing. US Army Air Forces operational and experimental aircraft pictured include the Beech XA-38 Grizzly (Model 28) (s/n 43-14407), Bell YP-59A Airacomet "Mystic Mistress" (s/n 42-108783), Bell XP-77, Bell XP-83 (s/n 44-84990), Cornelius XFG-1 (s/n 44-28060), the Northrop MX-324 prototype, a Lockheed P-38L Lightning (s/n 44-246490) modified as a specialized ground strafing version, a Loon Missile (JB-2, KUW-1, LTV-2, MX-544) with booster assembly, and a cutaway display model Pratt & Whitney WASP Major R-4360-4 Engine. Captured Japanese aircraft pictured include a Mitsubishi A6M5 Reisen (Zero Fighter) Zeke (Type 0 Carrier Fighter 52) and a Kugisho MXY7 Model 11 Ohka (Cherry Blossom) Baka (Crazy). Captured German aircraft pictured include a Bachem Ba 349 (BP 20) Natter (Adder), Heinkel He 162 Spatz (Sparrow, Volksjäger, People's Fighter), Junkers Ju 290 A "Alles Kaputt" (WkNr 110196, US registration FE-3400), Junkers Ju 388 L-1 (WkNr 560049, US registration FE-4010, later T2-4010), Messerschmitt Me 262 A-1a Schwalbe (Swallow) (US registration FE-111), a V-1 (FZG 76) Buzz Bomb, and a V-2 Missile.

Arrangement:

Images have been assigned NASM Archives image reference numbers in the order in which they were received from the donor.

Biographical / Historical:

From 1943 until 1945, Larry De Haan served as the chief technician in the instrument shop at Wright Field, Ohio, and at the satellite field at Vandalia, Ohio, as part of the US Army Air Forces Material Command's Service Test Branch. On the weekend of October 13 and 14, 1945, Wright Field sponsored an Army Air Forces Fair, presented by the Air Technical Service Command, which allowed the public to observe displays of US Army Air Forces' operational and experimental aircraft as well as captured German and Japanese aircraft.

Related Materials:

Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum aircraft displayed at the 1945 Army Air Forces Fair include the following:

Junkers Ju 388 L-1, A19600325000.

Messerschmitt Me 262 A-1a Schwalbe (Swallow), A19600328000.

Provenance:

Larry De Haan, gift, 2006, NASM.2006.0046

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access.

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Aeronautics  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Aeronautics -- Exhibitions  Search this

Bell P-59 Airacomet Series  Search this

Junkers Ju 388 Family  Search this

Heinkel He 162 Spatz (Sparrow) Volksjager (People's Fighter)  Search this

V-1 rocket  Search this

V-2 rocket  Search this

Genre/Form:

Negatives

Photographs

Citation:

1945 Air Forces Fair Photography (De Haan), Acc. NASM.2006.0046, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.2006.0046

See more items in:

1945 Air Forces Fair Photography (De Haan)

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2817fe281-44ff-4e9f-9ed3-16e910aeede8

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-2006-0046

Creator:

Means, James, 1853-1920  Search this

Names:

Aerial Experiment Association  Search this

Aero Club of America  Search this

Aero Club of Washington  Search this

Aeronautic Society of New York  Search this

United States. Army. Signal Corps  Search this

Chanute, Octave, 1832-1910  Search this

Curtiss, Glenn Hammond, 1878-1930  Search this

Jones, Ernest La Rue, 1883-1955  Search this

Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont), 1834-1906  Search this

Lilienthal, Otto  Search this

Lodge, Henry Cabot, 1850-1924  Search this

Maxim, Hiram S., 1840-1916  Search this

Means, James, 1853-1920  Search this

Zahm, Albert Francis, 1862-  Search this

Extent:

1.8 Cubic feet ((4 legal document boxes))

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Scrapbooks

Publications

Photographs

Manuscripts

Correspondence

Date:

1892-1913

bulk 1895-1897

Summary:

James Means (1855-1920) was an American industrialist who sacrificed his business to devote himself to the promotion of aviation. The collection consists of correspondence, publications, photographs, and scrapbooks.

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists of correspondence and scrapbooks. The correspondence is arranged into 15 sub-series: Aerial Experiment Association, Aero Club of America, Aero Club of Washington, Aeronautic Society of New York, Aeronautical Annuals, Octave Chanute and his daughters, Glenn Curtiss, House Resolution #7653, Ernest Jones, Otto Lilienthal, Henry Cabot Lodge, Hiram Maxim, Technical Matters, U.S. Signal Corps, and Albert Zahm. Of the three scrapbooks, one is a photograph album containing early glider photos and travel postcards. The second contains photos and news clippings regarding aviation in the 1890's, especially the work of Langley and Maxim with kites, balloons, and aerial bicycles. Clippings are in English, French, Spanish, Italian, German and Dutch. The third scrapbook is labeled 'James Means 1892' and consists of photos, letters, manuscripts, clippings in English and German, copies of legislation, and book excerpts.

Note: The digital images shown for this collection were repurposed from scans made by an outside contractor for a commercial product which did not reproduce all materials found in this collection; some items have not been scanned.

Arrangement:

The James Means Collection is arranged by content type.

Biographical / Historical:

James Means (1855-1920) was an American industrialist who sacrificed his business to devote himself to the promotion of aviation. Determined to disseminate information on flying, he collected and edited the most significant works of Otto Lilienthal, Octave Chanute, Samuel Langley and others, producing the 'Aeronautical Annuals' which appeared in 3 volumes in 1895, 1896 and 1897. Dr. Means studied bird-flight, kites and gliders, and designed model gliders in the early 1890s. He was awarded patents for his aircraft smoke signal device (1909), his aircraft launcher (1909), and his simplified control column for airplanes (1909-1911).

General:

NASMrev

Provenance:

James H. Means, gift, unknown, XXXX-0394, unknown

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Aeronautics, Commercial  Search this

Aeronautics -- pre-1903  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Airships  Search this

Balloons  Search this

Kites  Search this

Gliding and soaring  Search this

Periodicals  Search this

Genre/Form:

Scrapbooks

Publications

Photographs

Manuscripts

Correspondence

Citation:

James Means Collection, Acc. NASM.XXXX.0394, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.XXXX.0394

See more items in:

James Means Collection

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2002eaa1c-093c-4c78-bcfe-f05adedc536b

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0394

Creator:

Arnold, Leslie P.  Search this

Names:

United States. Army. Air Service  Search this

Arnold, Leslie P.  Search this

Extent:

1.32 Cubic feet (2 legal document boxes and 1 flatbox)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Scrapbooks

Photographs

Maps

Diaries

Date:

1924

Summary:

In 1924, as a lieutenant in the Army Air Service, Leslie P. Arnold was a crew member in one of the three Army planes that flew 27,000 miles around the world in 175 days. This collection consists of Leslie Arnold's handwritten diary and annotated navigational charts of the journey as well as a scrapbook with images of the trip including the aircraft, gasoline tanks, pilot crew, and air-to air shots.

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of Leslie Arnold's handwritten diary and annotated navigational charts of the journey. The collection also contains the following: an autographed photograph; a Signal Corps message; an advertisement for Mobil oil; a page from 'Illustrated Current News;' and a black scrapbook with images of the trip including the aircraft, gasoline tanks, pilot crew, and air-to air shots. Some of the photographs in the scrapbook are snapshots while others were taken by news agencies.

Arrangement:

This collection is arranged by type of material.

Biographical / Historical:

In 1924, as a lieutenant in the Army Air Service, Leslie P. Arnold was a crew member in one of the three Army planes that flew 27,000 miles around the world in 175 days. Arnold joined the Army in 1917 where he served for eleven years. During his service, he spent time in France during World War I and was part of General William Mitchell's group that conducted tests to prove that battleships could be sunk by aerial bombardment. After the 1924 trip, Arnold worked for a variety of airlines: Transcontinental Air Transport; Pennsylvania Central Airlines and Eastern Air Lines.

Provenance:

Leslie Arnold?, Gift?, unknown, NASM.XXXX.0518.

Restrictions:

No restrictions on access

Rights:

Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests

Topic:

Douglas World Cruiser (DWC)  Search this

Endurance flights  Search this

Aeronautics -- Records  Search this

Aeronautics -- Flights  Search this

Aeronautics, Military  Search this

Aeronautics  Search this

Flights around the world  Search this

Genre/Form:

Scrapbooks

Photographs

Maps

Diaries

Citation:

United States Army Around the World Trip (Leslie Arnold) Collection, NASM.XXXX.0518, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NASM.XXXX.0518

See more items in:

United States Army Around the World Trip (Leslie Arnold) Collection

Archival Repository:

National Air and Space Museum Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2072b2989-cfb2-4f1d-9fdf-c4456d8010b7

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nasm-xxxx-0518