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Catalog Data

Artist:
William Williams, Sr., 1727 - 27 Apr 1791  Search this
Sitter:
Benjamin Lay, c. 1681 - 3 Feb 1759  Search this
Medium:
Oil on mahogany panel
Dimensions:
Panel: 37.8 x 36.2 x 3.8cm (14 7/8 x 14 1/4 x 1 1/2")
Frame: 54.3 x 51.4 x 5.1cm (21 3/8 x 20 1/4 x 2")
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1750-58
Exhibition Label:
Born Colchester, England
Although small in stature, Quaker reformer Benjamin Lay loomed large in the emerging eighteenth century antislavery movement. Having witnessed the horrors of slavery as a merchant in Barbados, Lay dedicated himself to abolitionism. In 1731, he set out for Pennsylvania, where he resumed his campaign against slavery, writing pamphlets and speaking out at Quaker meetings. At the time, members of the Religious Society of Friends, as Quakers are formally known, enslaved people and participated in the slave trade.
Benjamin Franklin’s wife, Deborah, owned this portrait of Lay. Although Franklin was an enslaver, his printing shop had published Lay’s abolitionist tract “All Slave-keepers that Keep the Innocent in Bondage, Apostates,” in 1738. Here, Lay stands before his cave-like home, holding a treatise “on happiness” by the English Quaker philosopher Thomas Tryon. Shortly before Lay’s death, the Philadelphia Society of Friends passed a resolution expelling members who traded enslaved people.
Nacido en Colchester, Inglaterra
Aunque de corta estatura, el reformador cuáquero Benjamin Lay fue una figura grande del emergente movimiento antiesclavista del siglo XVIII. Testigo de los horrores de la esclavitud siendo comerciante en Barbados, Lay se dedicó al abolicionismo. En 1731 se fue a Pensilvania y allí continuó su campaña, escribiendo panfletos y hablando en reuniones de los cuáqueros. En aquel tiempo, varios miembros de la Sociedad Religiosa de Amigos, nombre formal de los cuáqueros, tenían personas esclavizadas y participaban en su comercio.
Este retrato de Lay perteneció a la esposa de Benjamin Franklin, Deborah. Aunque Franklin tuvo esclavos, su imprenta había publicado en 1738 el folleto abolicionista de Lay “Todos los esclavistas que mantienen a inocentes en servidumbre, apóstatas”. Aquí Lay aparece delante de su hogar, que semeja una cueva, sosteniendo un tratado “sobre la felicidad” del filósofo cuáquero inglés Thomas Tryon. A poco de su muerte, la Sociedad de Amigos de Filadelfia aprobó una resolución para expulsar a los miembros que traficaran con esclavos.
Provenance:
(Brown Brothers Auction, Buckingham, Penn., 1976); purchased by (Patrick Bell and Edwin Hild, Jr., Olde Hope Antiques, New Hope, Pa.); purchased 1979 NPG
Topic:
Costume\Headgear\Hat  Search this
Nature & Environment\Clouds  Search this
Printed Material\Book  Search this
Exterior\Landscape\Rural  Search this
Nature & Environment\Plant\Tree  Search this
Equipment\Walking stick\Cane  Search this
Personal Attribute\Facial Hair\Beard  Search this
Container\Basket  Search this
Nature & Environment\Fruit\Grapes  Search this
Nature & Environment\Fruit\Watermelon  Search this
Benjamin Lay: Male  Search this
Benjamin Lay: Society and Social Change\Reformer  Search this
Benjamin Lay: Society and Social Change\Philanthropist  Search this
Benjamin Lay: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Abolitionist  Search this
Benjamin Lay: Society and Social Change\Person with a Disability\Dwarfism  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; this acquisition was made possible by a generous contribution from the James Smithson Society
Object number:
NPG.79.171
Restrictions & Rights:
CC0
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Exhibition:
Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900
On View:
NPG, East Gallery 144
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4895c6dcd-4f14-407d-b22d-1878942937ab
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.79.171